AND EDUCATION IN DENMARK. 217 
stowing an excellent library on the cathedral of this city. His pre- 
cious gift consisted of a Bible in three parts, the gospels, the penta- 
teuch with copious annotations and corrections, books of maxims and 
allegories and morals, gloses upon the canticles, seven books of laws, 
bodies of canons, and many others, as enumerated by angebek, who 
has preserved the catalogue, 
Libraries were also founded in other cities of Denmark, in coéval 
times ; and, during the fifteenth century, several individuals merito- 
riously occupied themselves in forming private collections of books. 
Thus, from the twelfth century, Science derived its two primary 
sources—the Schools and the Libraries. The number of students 
admitted into the earlier institutions, was yearly augmented. At 
the epoch of the Reformation, seven hundred pupils were prosecut- 
ing their studies at Ripen: to Roeskild, eight hundred had then re- 
sorted for instruction. At these cloistral schools, the children of the 
nobility, as well as those of the commons, were educated. Chris- 
tiern II was a scholar there, along with the sons of citizens; and, 
like them, the prince was taught to chant in the reading-desk. 
Now, with regard to the pupils disciplined in these seminaries, to 
what irksome tasks would the best feelings of youth be frequently 
subjected? What, too, could be the fruits yielded by the long 
years devoted to such studies? At these institutions, all the pre- 
lections were delivered in an impure latin, abounding with solecisms. 
At one time, the scholar who found himself qualified to read, to ex- 
plain a few passages in the Bible, and to chant the psalmody, 
had acquired high claims to the distinction of a learned character. 
With the twelfth century, however, there outglimmered a twink- 
ling of intelligence. At that period, Absalom was bishop of Roes- 
kild and the prime-minister of king Valdemar, having Saxo the 
historian for his secretary. But this light proved no better than 
a flickering gleam: it soon disappeared, and left Denmark to be 
dazzled with the deceitful glitterings of a counterfeit science. 
Before the close of the thirteenth century, all the traces of true 
tine reddite; 4to, Hafniz, 1590; and Jus Selandicum xvii libris; 4to 
Hafniz, 1592. Both these works were edited and illustrated by Harald 
Huitfeld, an eminent Danish historian and chancellor of the kingdom. In 
his youth, the archbishop visited England, Germany, France, and Italy : he 
graduated as Doctor of Laws at the university of Paris: on returning to 
Denmark he obtained the office of chancellor to Canute VI; who despatched 
him on an embassy to Rome in the year mcxcy: his was a very busy life, 
being constantly engaged in important civil, military and ecclesiastical con- 
cerns. 
VOL. IX., NO. XXVI. 28 
