SKETCHES OF EUROPEAN ORNITHOLOGY. 309 
ropean continent ; and is common on the shores of the Swiss lakes, 
particularly in spring. Food: insects and worms. History and ha- 
bits unknown. 
Pirate XV. The Calandra Lark,—Alauda Calandra,—l Alou- 
ette Calandre, /’.,—Kalander Lerche, G'.,—forms, in figures of an 
adult and young bird, the subjeet of this plate. It inhabits North 
Africa and the southern regions of Europe. It closely resembles its 
congener, A. Tartarica, in size and figure ; and our own favourite, 
A. arvensis, in habits. The nest, constructed, among grass, con- 
tains four or five eggs, of a clear-purple colour, marked with large 
ash-grey spots, and dark-brown specks. Food: insects, worms, and 
seeds. 1 
Pirate XVI. A bold and masterly figure of the Brent Goose,— 
Anser brenta,—l Oie cravant, F’r.,—Anatra colombaccio, J¢..—Rin- 
gel-Gans, G'.,—Rotgans, D. Much confusion has been introduced 
into ornithological writings, by an error of Linnzus in describing the 
true Bernicle as the male of the White-fronted Goose, A. erythro- 
pus; and regarding, as synonymous, A. brenta and bernicla, of the 
older naturalists. This error has, at length, been rectified, by Dr. 
Fleming, in his valuable History of British Animals; and the 
White-fronted (Anas albifrons, of Gmelin and Latham) Bernicle, 
and Brent Goose, are there properly arranged under the respective 
titles of Anser erythropus, bernicla, and brenta. 
The Brent or Brand Goose is the smallest of the European spe- 
cies of Anser. It breeds in the arctic circle, during summer ; the 
female laying from ten to twelve white eggs in a nest constructed of 
vegetable materials; and seeks, in autumn, the more temperate re- 
gions of Europe. During winter it inhabits, in large flocks, the bays 
and shores of our southern and eastern coasts ; and is widely spread 
along the northern limits of the neighbouring continent. The trachea 
of the male bird becomes suddenly enlarged a little below the glottis. 
Resuming its ordinary diameter, the tube swells into a second dilata- 
tion about the region of the furculum. At that point, the rings sud- 
denly contract, and form a very narrow cartilaginous tube ; from 
whence issue the funnel-shaped bronchi, composed of solid and entire 
rings. 
Pirate XVII. Temminck’s Tringa—TZr. Temminckii,—le Bé- 
casseau Temmia, F’r.,—der Temminckshe Strandlaufer, G. The 
smallest of the species of Zringa ; so named, by Leisler, in honour 
of his friend, the celebrated Dutch ornithologist. It has frequently 
been confounded with Tringa minuta ; but differs from its conge- 
