484 SKETCHES OF EUROPEAN ORNITHOLOGY. 
brachydactylus,—le Tétras 4 doigts courts, Fv. A new and well-de- 
fined species ; obtained from north Europe: distinguished from Z. 
saliceti, in having nostrils and bill almost concealed by feathers ; 
tarsi shorter, and thickly feathered ; and shafts of primaries, and toe- 
nails, pure-white. Habits unknown. Fig. an adult in winter-plu- 
mage, white, with exception of bill and tail-feathers, which are black ; 
and bare skin above the eye,—scarlet. Summer-plumage described 
as rich chestnut-brown. 
PLATE XX. Winter-Finch,—Fringilla hyemalis,—le Bruant Ja- 
cobin, Fr. A summer-migrant to the Arctic regions: common in 
Greenland and Iceland. Tame, gentle, and resembling, in habits, 
the common Sparrow. G'ranivorous. Nidification unknown. Fig. 
an adult male, and female. 
TWENTY-FIRST PART. 
Puate I. White’s Thrush,— Zurdus Whitet,—le Merle de White, 
Fr. A new species of European thrush ; one specimen of which has 
been killed in Britain : provisionally placed under Turdus ; but proba- 
bly destined to constitute, with Turdus varius, of Horsfield, and an- 
other from New South Wales, a well-marked and distinct group 
among the Merulide. From these species, it differs, principally, in 
greater length of wing. Fig. one adult bird. 
PiaTteE II. Black Grouse,—TZetrao tetrix,—le Tétras birkhan, 
Fr.,—Gallo di monte, Fasiano negro, J¢.,—Gabelschwanziges Wald- 
huhn, das Birkhuhn, Kleiner Auerhahn, G.,—Kor- of Berkhoen, 
D. A well-known European and British bird. Food: Insects, 
seeds, and grain, the buds and shoots of different trees, especially the 
Fir-tribe. Nest: of a few dried stems of grass, formed, commonly 
on marshy ground, beneath the shelter of tall tuft or low bush. 
Eggs: 6—10, yellowish-grey, blotched with reddish-brown. Fig. 
adult Male, and Female. 
Prate III. Migratory Ouzel,—Merula migratoria,—le Merle 
erratique, Fr. This beautiful thrush, the Robin of America, occa- 
sionally migrates from that Continent to Europe ; and has been killed 
in Germany, and near Vienna. It belongs to the Section of the Me- 
rulide which includes our common Blackbird ; and closely resembles 
that species in its habits, Nidification, and song. Animated descrip- 
tions of it occur in the works of Wilson, Audubon, and Richardson. 
Fig. an adult bird. 
Pirate IV. Mountain Accentor,—A. montanellus,—l Accenteur 
