Geological Notices. 171 



Fond and Mr Scrope. The plates illustrating the work of the lat- 

 ter leave almost nothing to desire. These authors have described 

 more or less fully the following volcanic orifices — Coupe de Jaujac, 

 Souillolsor Neyvac, Mouleynes or Thuez ; Montpezat and Aysac. 

 Other writers have described the cone of Bauzou, and the (so-called) 

 crater of Elevation of Pal, which are generally supposed not to have 

 given birth to any lava stream. The present autlwr has given a 

 more minute and detailed account of each of these volcanoes, and of 

 the great beds of basaltic lava to which they have respectively given 

 birth. He discusses the relative age, the remarkable columnar struc- 

 ture, and the surprising erosion by water, of these (comparatively 

 modern) lava flows, which he illustrates by an exact map of the 

 formations, based upon Cassini's, and by very numerous levels bai-o- 

 metrically determined. He has also been able to add to the list of 

 known volcanoes in this distinct, two craters which he believes never 

 to have been described, occurring in remarkable positions, and giving 

 rise to extensive lava streams, one in the valley of Budzet, the other in 

 that of la Bastide. The former he believes to be unparalleled amongst 

 ancient or modern lavas for the length and slendemess of its stream, 

 shewing a surprising liquidity, which he illustrated by some experi- 

 ments on the powers of melted iron solidifying in narrow channels. 

 A series of specimens illustrating the paper had formerly been 

 presented to the Society. 



2. Geological Notices. By Dr Fleming. 



(1.) Additional example of Diluvial Scratches on the Hocks 

 in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh. 



The author stated that, recently, an opportunity had presented 

 itself of observing, at a newly- opened sandgtone quarry, dressed and 

 scratched surfaces, at an elevation above the level of the sea greater 

 than any examples of the same kind of diluvial action as yet re- 

 corded, as occurring in the neighbourhood. The locality is east- 

 ward of the east Cairn Hill, in the Pentland Hills, at a place termed 

 " Thomson's Walls," and its elevation, according to Knox's Map of 

 Mid-Lothian, is 1400 feet. 



Dr Fleming then stated, that, last autumn, in addition to the ex- 

 ample of a dressed aud scratched surface 130 yards westward of 

 Granton Pier, on a level luith the beach, he had observed a similar 

 occurrence at the east side of the harbour of North Berwick, near 

 the " Auld Kirk," on the surface of a rock of amygdaloid ; and 

 added, that he had found similar scratches, at the sea-level, on the 

 south side of Montrose Basin. 



The author next adverted to an example of dressed vertical 

 surfaces, with horizontal scratches, on the northern base of North 

 Berwick-Law. He likewise referred to the horizontal scratches on 



