226 ON FOREST SCHOOLS. 



ruined by the destruction of her forests. I almost quote his own 

 words; and a hundred years later there was passed in 1666 a 

 famous ordinance to regulate the exploitation of these. The evil 

 was not confined to France, and for a hundred and fifty years, 

 in France and elsewhere, various measures wei*e devised and 

 adopted with a view to averting the catastrophe ; but it was found 

 that these could at best only retard the destructive process. At 

 length Cotta and Hartig devised what is known in Germany 

 as the Fachicerke methode of forest exploitation, the aim of which 

 is to secure simultaneously, and without prejudice to each other, a 

 sustained production of wood and timber, a progressive ameliora- 

 tion of the state of the forests, and a natural reproduction of these 

 by self-sown seed. 



To carry out this method of forest management, educated 

 foresters are necessary; and I lay on the table for reference, if 

 required, an account of the school of forestry in Vallombrosa, in 

 Italy, by Dr Cleghorn, which appeared in the volume of Trans- 

 actions of the Scottish Arboricultural Society for 1877 ; successive 

 numbers of the Journal of Forestry for this year, containing pro- 

 grammes of study followed at Carlsruhe in the grand duchy 

 of Baden, at Hohenheim in Wurtemberg, at the Escurial in 

 Spain, and sheets provided in advance in view of this meeting- 

 containing an account of that at Evois in Finland; also the 

 letter referred to by me in the outset, subsequently published 

 by Messrs Oliver & Boyd of this city, entitled "The Schools 

 of Forestry in Europe : a Plea for the Creation of a School 

 of Forestry in connection with the Arboretum at Edinburgh," 

 in which is given a detailed resume of the programme of 

 study followed at the school of forestry at Nancy, in France, a 

 translation of the regulations issued by the King of Sweden for 

 the management of the forest school at Stockholm, information 

 in regard to the schools of forestry in Austria and Poland, and 

 translations for the Forest Code of Russia in relation to the 

 forest schools of Russia ; and with these I lay on the table pro- 

 grammes of study followed at the schools of forestry at St 

 Petersburg and at Lissino, at Neustadt Eberswalde in Prussia, 

 at Miinden in Hanover, at Tharand in Saxony, at Giessen in 

 Hesse-Darmstadt, at Aschafienburg in Bavaria, and at Stockholm 

 in Sweden, most of them with translations in manuscript. 



Statistics illustrative of the pecuniary benefit of these schools 

 to the several countries in which they have been established can- 



