l82 TRANSACTIONS OF ROVAL SCO'ITISH ARBOklCUr.TURAL SOCIETY. 



(6) Total amount of wood in the " Working Circle" and the 



number of cubic feet per acre on the average. 



(7) Total normal annual yield and annual yield per acre, 



showing the amounts derived from clear cuttings and 

 thinnings separately. 



(8) Amount of average annual fellings classified according 



to class of wood and showing amount per acre. 



Part II., the special plan, is renewed every ten years and is 

 revised once between every renewal, generally in the middle of 

 the period, but, in exceptional cases, sooner or later than five 

 years after the renewal. Thus, a large windbreak or very 

 extensive insect damage would immediately call for a revision 

 at any time in order to cope with the altered conditions. 



The special plan is divided as follows : — 



A. Plan of cuttings, i. Felling. 2. Thinning. 3. Cleaning. 



B. Cultivation plan — planting, sowing, " beating up," etc. 



C. Measures to be undertaken for the protection of the soil 



and young and old woods. 



D. Plan of roadmaking. 



E. Plan of draining and work required in connection with 



the banking up of streams { IVasserbau). 



Once the renewal has been made the forest officer knows 

 what areas have to be cut, thinned and planted in the next 

 ten years, and he also knows what part of that must be done in 

 the first five years; but he is generally allowed himself to choose 

 the exact portions he will cut and plant each year. The 

 necessity of revising the working-plan every five years is due 

 to the rapidity with which conditions change as regards the 

 state of the timber market, and the progress of the young 

 plantations when afi"ected by climatic extremes and pests. 



The silvicultural year commences on the ist October, both 

 in Saxony and Prussia, which is a very convenient date as it 

 neither comes in the middle of the cutting, as would the 

 ist January, nor does it come when planting is in progress. 

 All matters relating to cutting and planting are reckoned 

 according to the silvicultural year, whereas matters of finance 

 are reckoned according to the ordinary year ending with the 

 31st December. 



Forest Officer. — The position of forest officer in Saxony is no 

 sinecure, there being a large amount of work both outside and 



