GENERAL PAPERS 33 



FUTURE WORK 



Further testing work is necessary to definitely fix additional 

 points on the curves that are being plotted. The work should 

 be extended to show the effects of weathering, of handling in 

 larger or smaller lots, and from pressure, etc., in passing 

 through bins and stock piles. Finally, it is hoped to deduce 

 formulae by which breakage can be calculated for the actual 

 conditions of commerce. 



PHOTOGRAPHING FLOWERS AND INSECTS 

 Arthur G. Eldredge., University of Illinois 



Photography has become of great assistance to science; it 

 is no longer an uncertain curious process; its application 

 is unlimited and it reveals many things which the eye might 

 never see. If we combine it with an interest in the natural 

 sciences such as botany, zoology, entomology, etc., we are led 

 into a sphere where wonders never cease. It takes us out into 

 the sunshine of the broad fields beneath the blue sky, to the 

 cool shades of the forest, into the silent places where we may 

 contemplate the beauty and be refreshed. It fairly makes a 

 vagrant of us until the confinement of walls and doors becomes 

 oppressive. 



I have found occasion to do much tramping about in quest 

 of wild flowers as photographic subjects. To walk long dis- 

 tances in warm weather with twenty pounds of equipment is 

 not a pleasure except to those who find an interest in the work. 



Flowers appeal to me from three points of view as subjects 

 for the camera. First, the landscape effort of infinite num- 

 bers; second, a near view showing the plant sufficiently for 

 identification and at the same time showing its typical manner 

 and place of growth ; third, a portrait of the flower with suffi- 

 cient foliage to make a pleasant picture and also indicate the 

 species. The first condition is less difficult to render than the 

 other two. The second condition would seem to be the most 

 important and a photograph in which that condition is not ful- 

 filled loses much of its value as a record of facts. A botanist 

 is interested in a photograph which will answer the question, 

 Where does the plant grow ? Plants frequently grow in many 



