246 ILLINOIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



Prophylactic immunization in scarlet fever is still an un- 

 settled point. For some time streptococcus vaccines prepared 

 from cultures isolated from scarlet fever patients have been 

 used in Russia with a moderate amount of success. Later re- 

 ports show that the results are about uniformly favorable, and 

 the use of this vaccine is free from danger during the last 

 couple of years. Dr. Schultze of New York has obtained very 

 interesting results by using vaccine of a large diplococcus 

 found in connection with scarlet fever. 



The use of vaccines in the treatment of chronic diphtheria 

 carriers has been a subject of much research work with a 

 fair amount of success. This work was prompted by the great 

 inconvenience caused to people called diphtheria carriers, who 

 although they showed no signs of illness, were isolated because 

 of the presence of diphtherial bacteria in their throats. 



The treatment of pneumonia by vaccines has been success- 

 ful. In this instance polyvalent vaccines w r ere employed. In 

 1912, active immunity as well as passive immunity was ob- 

 tained against the pneumococcus with a soluble vaccine. 



Sensitized vaccines have again been brought into the lime- 

 light. After many unsuccessful applications of this class of vac- 

 cines they were for a time abandoned. In 1914 a sensitized vac- 

 cine virus was successfully made, and a case of uterine abscess 

 was successfully treated by this sensitized vaccine of proteus. 



An interesting application of vaccine therapy has come up 

 for consideration in the last few years in the Hodgkins disease 

 (pseudoleukemia). The status of the prophylactic vaccination 

 against whooping cough is still an unsettled matter. This is 

 due largely to the fact that small amounts of the vaccine are 

 administered. There is little doubt that the use of vaccines in 

 doses of one hundred million or more will remove all doubt as 

 to its efficiency in controlling epidemics. 



The tuberculins, which are divided into a boullion filtrate, 

 concentrated, a dilute, a bazillen emulsion, and ointment for 

 Moro test, tuberculins for von Pirquet test and purified 

 tuberculin discs for ophthalmic tests and tuberculin old are 

 supplied in both the human and bovine types. 



