PAPERS ON BOTANY 141 



as present on the epiearp of mature apples of the New- 

 town Pippin variety in Pennsylvania. Two years later, 

 Montaone and Fries (1S34) report a fnngiis on apples 

 tliat tliey have received from Dr. Hussenot in Paris, 

 which was either sooty blotch or fly speck. Spragne 

 (1856) gives an interesting description of sooty blotch 

 on apples and states that "the disease" is of common 

 occurrence in Xew England. Von Thuemen (1879) re- 

 ports finding what is probably sooty blotch in Italy. 



From 1879 till 1894 nothing worthy of note was pub- 

 lished, except the taxonomic studies of Saccardo (1883) 

 and (1884). From 1894 on, plant pathologists at the va- 

 rious experiment stations in Canada and this country 

 begin to report the occurrence of sooty blotch and fly 

 speck, and offer suggestions for preventing them. Lam- 

 son (1894) of Xew Hampshire was the first to spray for 

 sooty blotch, and was successful in controlling it. Powell, 

 (1896) using the term "fly speck" to include both forms, 

 discusses its occurrence in Delaware. About this time 

 also, Taft and Davis (1895), and Beal (1897), report 

 sooty blotcli and fly speck as being troublesome in Mich- 

 igan. Also in 1897, Selby (1897) discusses "sooty fun- 

 gus" and "fly speck fungus" in Ohio. The next year, 

 Sturgis (1898) in Connecticut, gives a somewhat detailed 

 account of the appearance, causal nature, and control of 

 sooty blotch. Beach et al. (1899) offer measures for the 

 control of these two fungi, in Xew York. In 1900, Selby 

 again (1900) describes sooty blotch and fly speck, and 

 recommends control measures in Ohio. Orten (1902-07), 

 in his yearly ' ' Summary of Plant Diseases in the United 

 States," incorporated in the Department of Agriculture 

 Year Books, from 1902 to 1907, when the seiwice in that 

 form was discontinued, reports as to the occurrence of 

 sooty blotch and fly speck, the names used interchange- 

 ably. He finds the fungi to be generally prevalent over 

 many of the northeastern and middle western states, with 

 isolated exceptions farther west and south. The next 

 year, Faust (1903) lists "sooty mold" as the cause of a 

 minor but very conmion trouble in Missouri. Lamson, 



