114 ILLINOIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 
On a former occasion this dog was an interested observer of 
an operation which he had never seen before. He was sitting 
in front of a large owl who had been captured in the grove 
back of our cottage,—who was taking a meal. It was his first 
meal while with us, in which it was necessary for him to tear 
the flesh into fragments. He was standing upon a piece of 
flesh which was clutched in his claw and was tearing it into 
Pieces with his beak. A tame crow appeared upon the scene, 
and he at once made an attempt to invade the rights of prop- 
erty. The dog expressed his disapproval. To another dog, 
the message which he sent by wireless would have been un- 
derstood. To the crow, this warning was in an unknown 
tongue. The dog at once made an attack upon the crow in 
defense of the neutrality of the owl, although hhe had made no 
formal agreement to do this. It was only by the active inter- 
ference of others that the crow was saved from destruction. 
This dog was not a robber. He would have accepted that 
food if it had been given to him. He had what we should call 
in a human being, a judicial mind. He was capable of receiving 
information which revealed to him conditions which in his 
opinion called for action. 
There are today many animals, some of whom are properly 
classed as bipeds, who would consider themselves far above the 
level of this quadruped, who are certainly below him in ethical 
standards. 
The early methods of wireless communication involved two 
conscious beings embodied in two independent masses of living 
tissue. They were submerged in two media which served as 
part of the line of communication between these two conscious 
beings. One medium is an atmosphere of gas which surrounds 
our earth. The other is the ether which fills all space. 
In making use of the gaseous medium, each conscious being 
is provided with a sending and a receiving outfit. Both of these 
systems involve muscles and nerves which lead to a brain. 
This brain is in some unknown way, in operative relation to a 
conscious being. These conscious beings constitute sending 
and receiving stations. They are capable of conceiving and 
exchanging thoughts. 
