ADDRESSES 25 
the trained intellect is the speediest agent in meeting physical 
needs. On the other hand, the intellectual needs of man, noble 
as they may be, must never lose sight of the fact that the 
speediest results are obtained by the enormous increase of ex- 
perimental work under the pressure of physical necessity. 
Ill. A third service of science is to develop a scientific atti- 
tude of mind. It sets up as its goal a more effective citizen, 
and expresses itself in the results of science in education. It is 
not necessary for me to consider the relation of the different 
sciences to education. This will be presented in the program 
of tomorrow by those who are in a position to know. Each 
science may hold its own peculiar relation to the needs of the 
student, as an educated person and a citizen. I wish to con- 
sider, however, the contribution of science in general to educa- 
tion, and through education to civilization. Any substitution 
of practice for scientific training is substitution of manipula- 
tion for knowledge, and is not to be regarded as science. The 
contribution of science to education is the development of a 
scientific attitude of mind, which means a way of looking at 
things rather than a way of doing things. The recognition of 
this factor in education has been shown recently by the numer- 
ous calls for men with scientific training; that is, not ap- 
prentices who have learned to do something ; but students who 
have learned to understand something, which will enable them 
to do many things. It is this attitude of mind which has 
revolutionized modern thought and resulted in a new type of 
civilization. It has banished superstition as a controlling 
motive, and is the hope of our further progress. 
It is important for teachers that this mental attitude be 
analyzed and the method of its attainment realized. There is 
much teaching in the name of science which does not secure it, 
and for this purpose there is no substitute for science. The 
scientific attitude of mind is probably nothing more than 
trained common sense, but a fuller definition will indicate more 
clearly the significance of this ideal. 
In the first placé, it is a spirit of inquiry, which recognizes 
that we are surrounded by a vast body of established beliefs 
that need a thorough going over to distinguish heirloom rub- 
