Relative Level of Sea and Land in Scandinavia. 91 
line, besides a broad flat terrace of soft materials on the hill- 
face at 161 feet, being 18 below the upper line. In Kortsfiord 
there are similar objects, particularly the terrace already 
alluded to at 169 feet, and one connected with a mountain 
streamlet at 241. The distinctest markings of this kind, 
however, are seen on the faces of the Alten and Kaafiord for- 
mations. At Bossikop, Quaenvig (see Plate III., Lower View), 
and Kaafiord, there is one of marked importance at between 
80 and 90 feet, being probably that which M. Bravais set 
down as the lower line in that district. It appears as a cinc- 
ture round the singular sandy promontory of Oskarnaes, at 
a few feet lower; which is what might be expected, as that 
is a point some way advanced on the assumed line of dip. 
There are, besides, however, at Quaenvig and Kaafiord, mark- 
ings equally or even more decided, at 52, 123, 144, and 167 
feet, indicating no fewer than three movements between the 
dates of the upper and lower lines, and at least one subse- 
quent to that of the lower. To establish connections among 
these markings, would obviously require no small amount of 
additional observation. 
The general fact may now be considered as tolerably cer- 
tain, that there is a district in Finmark, of 40 geographical 
miles in extent, which has sunk 58 feet at one extremity, and 
risen 96 at the other. Its line of dip and of rise is pretty well 
ascertained. It is not greatly different from that of the mag- 
netic meridian for the district, which is about 11° west of 
north. The movement has been surprisingly equable over 
relative proportions of the space. A shift of the relative 
level, after the manner of the Alten and Hammerfest terraces, 
is, however, exceptional, for there is a much larger district to 
the south, which has evidently been involved in this process 
of shift at the same time, but where that shift has taken 
place without being attended with a change of the plane ori- 
ginally observed by the land. In the central and southern 
districts of Norway, there are other ancient sea-markings, 
which appear to preserve horizontality, and even awaken 
the surmise, that they coincide with similar levels in other 
countries. 
There is, however, a large tract in the south and east of 
