210 John Hogg, Esq., on the Geography and 
latter is more curved northwards ; they are in some degree 
parallel to each other, and each constitutes the principal 
channel for the waters that descend to it from the central 
mountains on the east side, and the many lateral Wadis, 
during the rainy season; and each conducts them into the 
Sea of Akaba. Again on the coast, and haying passed round 
the chalk cliff Ras Bourka, which is washed by the waves, 
the traveller arrives at another spring of saltish water, 
named Soweira, (Suweirah, by Robinson,and Zoara, by Burck- 
hardt,) most likely rising through the chalk or cretaceous 
beds, as at Noweibia: then the Cape or Ras Um Haye, 
“mother serpent,” (the Um-Haizeh of the former author), 
makes the east termination of the northern branch of Gebel- 
el-Tyh. Before, however, reaching that point, immense 
masses, apparently of yellow sandstone, present themselves ; 
these are intercepted by a row of granite cliffs between them 
and the beach, which are then crested with red sandstone ; 
and an inclined bank of gravel and debris slopes from them 
to the sea. 
The phenomena presented by the frequent alternations of 
the sandstone and cretaceous limestone, with the igneous and 
voleanic rocks, granite, porphyry, greenstone, &c., as well 
those which exhibit upheavings, displacements, or interrup- 
tions of the strata, as those which shew more simple dis- 
turbances, particularly in Wadi Wetir, and its neighbouring 
valleys along the coast of this gulf, near the east extremity 
of the Tyh range, and opposite to the Island of Kureiyeh, 
are highly interesting to the geologist ; and they require his 
more minute exploration of the whole district. 
From the last-named Cape (Um-Haye), the mountains be- 
come much lower in height towards the north, whilst the 
most lofty summit of the range on this east coast is that be- 
hind Noweibia. Beyond, to the north-east of Wadi-el-Hu- 
weimirat, the formation continues to be sandstone. And 
further on, near the spot called Wadi Mezeiryk, by Burck- 
hardt, which Robinson’s Arabs knew only by the former — | 
name, there appears what Burckhardt describes (p. 507), as 
“a range of black basaltic cliffs, into which the sea has 
worked several creeks,” like small lakes, with narrow inlets — 
é 
=. 
' 
} 
2 
i 
4 
. 
* 
a 
i 
# 
e, 
