264 Dr Samuel George Morton. on the 
The measurements of children, idiots, and mixed races,-are 
omitted from this table, excepting only in the instance of the 
Fellahs of Egypt, who, however, are a blended stock of two 
Caucasian nations,—the true Egyptian and the intrusive 
Arab, in which the characteristics of the former greatly pre- 
dominate. 
No mean has been taken of the Caucasian race* col- 
lectively, because of the very great preponderance of Hindu, 
Egyptian, and Fellah skulls over those of the Germanic, Pe- 
lasgic, and Celtic families. Nor could any just collective com- 
parison be instituted between the Caucasian and Negro group 
in such a table, unless the small-brained people of the latter 
‘division (Hottentots, Bushmen, and Australians) were pro- 
portionate in number to the Hindoos, Egyptians, and Fellahs 
of the other group. Such a computation, were it practicable, 
would probably reduce the Caucasian average to about 87 
cubic inches, and the Negro to 78 at most, perhaps even to 
75, and thus confirmatively establish the difference of at least 
nine cubic inches between the mean of the two races. 
* It is necessary to explain what is here meant by the word race. Further 
researches into Ethnographic affinities will probably demonstrate that what 
are now termed the jive races of men, would be more appropriately called groups ; 
that each of these groups is again divisible into a greater or smaller number of 
primary races, each of which has expanded from an aboriginal nucleus or centre, 
Thus I conceive that there were several centres for the American group of 
races, of which the highest in the scale are the Toltecan nations, the lowest the 
Fuegians. Nor does this view conflict with the general principle, that all these 
nations and tribes have had, as I have elsewhere expressed it, a common origin; 
inasmuch as by this term is only meant an indigenous relation to the country 
they inhabit, and that collective identity of physical traits, mental and moral 
endowments, language, &c., which characterize all the American races, The 
same remarks are applicable to all the other human races; but in the present 
infant state of Ethnographic science, the designation of these primitive centres 
is a task of equal delicacy and difficulty. I may here observe, that whenever 
I have ventured an opinion on this question, it has been in favour of the doc- 
trine of primeval diversities among men,—an original adaptation of the several 
races to those varied circumstances of climate and locality, which, while con- 
genial to the one are destructive to the other; and subsequent investigations 
have confirmed me in these views. See Crania Americana, p. 3; Cranita 
Dgyptiaca, p. 37 ; Distinctive Characteristics of the Aboriginal Race of America, 
p. 86; Silliman’s American Journal of Sciences and the Arts, 1847 ; and my Let- 
ter to J. L. Bartlett, Esq., in vol. ii. of the Transactions of the Ethnological So- 
ciety of New York. 
