62 ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



SARRACENIACEAE. PITCHER FAMILY. 



Genus Sarracenia, Tourn. Side-saddle Flower. 

 Sarracenia purpurea, L. Side-saddle Flower, Pitcher Plant, Huntsman's 

 Cup. Quite common. 



PAPAVERACEAE. POPPY FAMILY. 



Genus Sanguinaria, Dill. Blood-root. 

 Sanguinaria canadensis, L. A very common Indian medicine. It is also 

 used in the jugglery performances of the medicine men. It blooms in April. 



FUMARIACEAE. FUMITORY FAMILY. 



Genus Dicentra, Borkh. Dutchman's Breeches. 

 Dicentra cucullaria, DC. Dutchman's Breeches. Very common. 



CRUCIFERAE. MUSTARD FAMILY. 



Genus Lepidium, Tourn. Pepperwort. Peppergrass. 

 Lepidium virginicum, L, Wild Peppergrass. Abundant everywhere. Much 

 used by the Indians. 



Genus Sisymbrium, Tourn. Hedge Mustard. 

 Sisymbrium officirmle. Scop. 



Genus Brassica, Tourn. 

 Brassica campestris, L. Escaped from cultivation. 



VIOLACEAE. VIOLET FAMILY. 

 Genus Viola, Tourn. Violet. Heart's Ease. 



Viola sagittata. Ait. Arrow-leaved Violet. Common. 



Vioia palustris, var. Nettlakeis, n. var. Resembles V. palustris, but has a 

 long, slender spur, slightly thickened at the end; spur almost as long as the 

 beardless violets. 



Viola rotundijolia, Michx. Round-Leafed Violet. Quite common. 



Viola pubescens. Ait. Downy Yellow Violet. Very common. 



Viola pubescens, var. Nettlakeis. All petals veined with purple. Seen May 

 19, at Little Fork R. 



PORTULACACEAE. PURSLANE FAMILY. 

 Genus Portulaca, Tourn. Purslane. 

 Portulaca Oleracea, L. Common Purslane. Very common. 



TILIACEAE. LINDEN FAMILY. 

 Genus Tilia, Tourn. Linden. Basswood. 

 Tilia americana, L. Basswood. Very common, trees unusually large.* 



♦Thread, twine, cord and rope are usually made from basswood for many 

 uses now and wholly so in the old times, unless made from the sinew of the 

 moose and deer or from rawhide. 



The basswood tree of this region, when in bloom, is a beautiful tree. 



As a further note on the use of basswood : In preparing basswood thread, the 

 inner bark of young sprouts is removed in sheets and boiled in water to which 

 a large quantity of lye from wood ashes has been added. This softens the flber 

 and permits it to be manipulated without breaking. The unoccupied squaws 

 then employ their time in pulling the bark into shreds and twisting same into 

 twine and the latter into ropes as needed. This twine is the sewing material 

 used in weaving mats, erecting bark houses and tepees and for almost all other 

 household purposes. When put away for future use it is hung up in hanks. 



GERANIACEAE. GERANIUM FAMILY. 

 Genus Impatiens, L. Balsam. Jewel-weed. 

 Impatiens pallida, Nutt. Pale Touch-Me-Not. Common. 



