PAPERS ON BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE 65 



Genus Amelanchier, Medic. June-berry. 

 Amelanchier canadensis, var. oMongifolia, Torr. & Gray. Shad-bush. 

 Service-berry. Quite comnion. 



SAXIFRAGACIL\E. SAXIFR-\GE FA>nLY. 

 Genus Ribes. L. Currants. Gooseberr\-. 

 Ribes gracile, Michx. Gooseberry. 

 Ribes oxyacanthoides, L. Common. 

 Ribes hudsonianum, Richards. Currant. Common. 

 Ribes floridum, L"Her. Black Wild Currant. 



Ribes Tubrum, Z,_ var. subglandulosum, Maxim. Red Currant. Common. 

 The currants and gooseberries are used as food by the Indians, both fresh 

 and dried. The roots and bark are also much used as medicine. 



ONAGR.\CE-\E. EVENING-PRIMROSE F.AMILY. 

 Genus Oenothera, L. Evening Primrose. 

 Oenothera rhombipetala, Nutt. Common. In bloom June 30. 



CUCURBITACE-\E. GOURD FA^ULY. 

 Genus Sicyos, L. One-seeded Bur-Cucumber. 

 Sicyos angulatus, L. Common ever>^vhere. becoming a pest in the fields. 



UMBELLIFER.\E. PARSLEY FAIRLY. 

 Genus Conioselinum, Fisch. Hemlock-Parsley. 

 Conioselinum canadense, Torr. & Gray. Common. 



Genus Heracleum, L. Cow-Parsnip. 

 Heracleum lanatum, Michx. Common. Much used as greens. 



Genus Aralia, Toum. Ginsang. Wild Sarsaparilla. 

 Aralia racemosa, L, Spikenard. Common. Used as medicine by the 

 Indians. One old medicine man cultivates a patch of this plant. 



CORNACEAE. DOGWOOD FAMILY. 



Genus Cornus, Toum. Cornel. Dogwood. 



Comus sericea^ L. Silk>- Cornel. Kinnikinnik. A Chippewa medicine. Also 



smoked and much used in the various ceremonies of the Northern Indians. 



Indians also get drunk on the smoke of the plant and the other kinnikinnik, 



which ynU. be described later. 



Cornus stolonifera, Michx. Red-Osier Dogssood. 



C\PRIFOUACEAE. HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 

 Genus Sambucus, Toum. Elder. 

 Sambucus racemosa, L. Red-berried Elder. CommoiL Used as food. 



Genus Virburnum, L. Arrow-wood. Laurestinus. 

 Viburnum opulus. L. Cranberry Tree. High Cranberry- Bush. Quite 

 common. The acid fruit is used much in making jelly by the whites. The 

 Indians use the fruit also. 



RUBIACEAE. MADDER FANHLY. 

 Genus Mitchella, L. Partridge-Berry. 

 Mitchella repens, L. Common. Much used by the Indians. 



COMPOSITAE. COMPOSITE FAMILY. 

 Genus Bidens, L. Bur-Marigold. 

 Bidens bipinnata, L. Spanish Needles. Too plentiful. 



Genus Erechtites, Raf. Fireweed. 

 Erechtites hieracifoUa, Raf. Fireweed. A ver}" common and abundant 

 weed in burned areas. 



