84 ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



association on the south, a tamarack forest covering about 

 half of the depression and the remains of a moat on the 

 north. The substratum in general is drier than that of the 

 Volo Bog. 



The valley sides also show evidences of a previous stage 

 of high water. Several years ago an attempt was made to 

 drain this depression into Wauconda Lake to the north, but 

 it was abandoned because there was not sufficient difference 

 of level to enable the bog to drain into the lake. Fig. 6. 



The floor of the depression is much drier than that of 

 Volo and the vegetation is more advanced. There is no sign 

 of quaking in the forest floor. The pitcher plants and sphag- 

 num are very few and other more mesophytic plants have 

 come in, including at least three young oaks. 



Two other tamarack forests were observed to the north- 

 west of Volo Bog, but they have not yet been visited. From 

 reports they seem to be of the same nature as those of the 

 Wauconda Bog. They will be visited as soon as possible and 

 included in the final report. 



This paper has attempted only to describe the location 

 and general features of the bogs so far discussed and vis- 

 ited. There has been no attempt to discuss the problems 

 presented as there has not been opportunity to observe the 

 necessary data for such discussion. Work along these lines 

 is now being carried on and will be reported later. 



Two features at least may be noted, first, that these bogs 

 apparently represent very different stages of maturity, 

 ranging from the Cedar Lake bog which is very young, to 

 the adjoining Allandale pocket which is the most mature of 

 those observed. Secondly, the condition of Cedar Lake bog 

 suggests very strongly the probability that it is of rather 

 recent origin — perhaps much later than the end of the glac- 

 ial period. If this can be proved, it will overthrow the 

 present opinion that all of the northern cold bogs are direct 

 relics of glacial invasion. 



