440 ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



laboratory should be in charge of a medical man. The 

 hospital has two alternatives, the first, to rent space 

 suitable for such facilities to a physician who will under- 

 take to install his own equipment; the second, for the 

 hospital to purchase and install equipment and arrange 

 a suitable basis for the conduct of this department under 

 a competent man. In either case the hospital is only 

 responsible from a financial standpoint, and a physician 

 from a professional standpoint. 



If the hospital authorities undertake to enforce this 

 standard of the American College of Surgeons they must 

 take the position of self appointed censors of profes- 

 sional men already licensed by the state. With the pos- 

 sible exception of the last one, all the rules of the Mini- 

 mum Standard should be enforced by the state, oj: by 

 the physicians of the community organized as the County 

 Medical Society; thus relieving the hospital authorities 

 from acting as police of delinquent medical practitioners. 



In the hope that I may make plain to you the effect 

 of the adoption of this standard, I wish to suggest a 

 classification of hospitals under three types. 



What I will designate as Type I is necessarily an auto- 

 cratic type of hospital management. The type that I 

 will designate as Type II shows the relation of hospital 

 authorities to the medical profession and to the prospec- 

 tive patient which I believe to be ideal from the stand- 

 point of all concerned, and which is the type of organ- 

 ization of St. John's Hospital, Springfield, Illinois, which 

 later I wish to discuss in detail. The type which I will 

 designate as Type III shows the possibility of hampered 

 relations of hospital management, unfair discrimination 

 against licensed .physicians and against prospective pa- 

 tients, when hospital authority is shared with a hospital 

 staff. 



The first type of hospital has for its aim and purpose 

 other functions in addition to the care of the .°ick of the 

 community. In addition to the work of caring for the 

 sick, some hospitals of Type I function as teaching insti- 

 tutions, in which case the organization must be similar 

 to that of the teaching institutions with which they are 



