51 



On the west side of the Hungarian field is also a public road, and 

 west of this is a large field extending westward thirty or forty rods, 

 and northward from a point a short distance south of the southern 

 border of the Hungarian field to twenty or more rods north of this 

 field. The above field was planted to corn last year, and the present 

 season it was sown to oats. Bordering on the southeastern corner 

 of this field, and just across the road from the Hungarian field, is 

 a small piece of wet land containing less than half an acre, which 

 is covered with a rank growth of wild grass ; and to the south of 

 this is a large pasture lot, which extends southward a distance of 

 about thirty rods, and westward the entire length of the oat-field 

 described above ; this lot is kept pastured off quite closely through- 

 out the growing season. 



I have been thus particular in giving the location and surround- 

 ings of the infested field because certain writers maintain that the 

 Army Worms originate in wet meadows and migrate to the uplands. 

 From the surroundings of the fields as given above it will readily be 

 seen that this could not very well have been the case in this instance. 

 The only meadow of this description in the immediate vicinity of 

 the Hungarian field is the one across the road from the southwest- 

 ern corner of this field, and contains less than half an acre ; but 

 had the worms originated in this meadow they would most likely 

 have migrated into the adjoining oat-field, they having a great pre- 

 dilection for this cereal. Moreover, the worms were most abundant 

 in the eastern end of the field, and no traces could be found in the 

 western part of the field to indicate that the worms had ever been 

 in this part of the field. The only wet meadow in the vicinity of 

 the eastern end is the one situated north of the cucumber and 

 turnip field ; this meadow is thirty or forty rods northeast of the 

 eastern end of the Hungarian field, and contains about two acres. 

 But had the worms originated in this mdadow it would have been 

 necessary for them to cross a small creek, which contains water 

 during a greater part of the season ; and in marching this distance 

 they would most likely have left behind some trace of their passage. 



Last season the northern one-half of the Hungarian field was 

 planted to potatoes, and the southern one-half to cucumbers. The 

 latter one-half was plowed the present season but a short time 

 before the Hungarian seed was sown ; but the northern one-half was 

 merely harrowed. The Hungarian seed was sown about the middle 

 of May. 



In company with the Army Worms were a great many Spotted 

 Cut-worms (AgroHs C.-nigi-um, Linn.) ; they were of different sizes, 

 but were mostly nearly full-grown. There was at least one of these 

 Cut- worms to every eight or ten Army Worms. I did not rear any 

 of them to the perfect state, but they agreed very well with the 

 description which I took of a number that I bred a few years ago, 

 and which is as follows : 



Body mottled brownish-ash, sometimes tinged with green ; eleventh 

 segment slightly humped ; a light-colored medio-dorsal line, and a 

 similar sub-dorsal line — situated about midway between the first 

 mentioned line and the spiracles ; this line is sometimes wanting ; 

 below the spiracles is a light colored stripe ; on each dorsal space — 



