THE CALIFORNIAN QUAILS. 12) 
I; THE CALIFORNIAN QUAIL. LOPHORTYX CALIFORNICUS., 
Tetrao californicus, Shaw and Nodder, Nat. Misc. ix. p. 345 
(1797 ?). 
Ortyx californicus, Jardine and Selby, Hl. Orn. i. pl. 38, ii. pl. 
LO”. AUG. WAmMer. ve p: 67, pl. 290 (1842): 
Callipepla californica, Gould, Monogr. Odontoph. pt. i. pl. 16 
(1844); Bendire, N. Am. B. p. 23, pl. i: figs 8-re lleges| 
(1892). 
Lophortyx californicus, Bonap.; Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B. Brit. 
Mus. xxii. p. 400 (1893). 
Lophortyx californicus brunnescens, Ridgw. P. Biol. Soc. Wash. 
ll. p. 94 (1884). 
Callipepla californica vallicola, Ridgw. P. U. S. Nat. Mus. viii. 
255 (1680) ; Bendire, N. Am. B. p: 26: (1892). 
Adult Male—Crest of 4/ack club-shaped feathers ; ¢ivoat and 
cheeks d/ack, margined by a white band ; eyebrow-stripes and 
a band between the eyes white ; sides and back of neck grey, 
margined with black and spotted with white; mantle, chest, 
and tail grey ; lower back and rump greyish olive-brown ; wing 
rather darker ; middle of breast buff, shading into chestnut on 
the belly, and doth margined with black , sides olive-grey. Total 
length, 9°7 inches ; wing, 4°4; tail, 3.6; tarsus, 1:25; middle 
toe and claw, 1°45. 
Adult Female—Crest shorter and browner,; no black and white 
pattern on head; ¢hroat white, with dark shaft-stripes ; neck, 
mantle, and chest drowntsh-grey ; under-parts white, tinged 
with buff on the belly; s¢des and flanks olive-brown. Slightly 
smaller. 
Range.—Western States of North America, extending north to 
Washington, south as far as Cape St. Lucas, Lower California, 
and eastwards to Nevada. It has been introduced into various 
parts of the world. 
Habits.—“‘ Their favourite haunts,” says Prof. O. B. Johnson, 
are the undergrowth and thickets along water-courses, brush 
