6 
der similar conditions of injury. The following table will serve to 
exhibit these data and conclusions in more compact form. 
Statistics of Bill-Bug Injury to Corn, Dalbey Field, 1902. 
Uninjured hills 
Injured hills 
Losses from injury 
No. 
Per cent. 
No. 
Per cent. 
No. 
Per cent. 
Number of hills. . 
Number of stalks 
Fallen stalks .... 
Leaning stalks .. 
Erect stalks 
164 
363 
28 
29 
306 
8 
8 
164 
313 
150 
99 
64 
86 
48 
27 
21 
50 
122 
70 
242 
14 
33 
19 
79 
Number of ears. . 
Nubbins 
Poor ears 
Fair ears 
Good ears 
349 
9 
14 
44 
282 
3 
4 
13 
211 
40 
72 
75 
24 
60 
12 
21 
22 
9 
138 
31 
58 
31 
258 
40 
9 
17 
9 
81 
Methods oe Prevention. 
The contrast observed between corn grown on timothy sod and 
plowed early in fall, and the Dalbey field, which was plowed only a 
few days before planting, was discussed in my Eleventh Report. 
No trace of bill-bug injury was detected on the fall-plowed land, al- 
though dead timothy bulbs still in the ground showed distinctly 
that they had been hollowed out by bill-bug larvae. The inference is 
thus strongly suggested that early fall-plowing of timothy previous 
to corn planting will protect the corn from injury. A similar state- 
ment was made in 1892 by Osborn and Gossard, who say that since 
worse injuries are likely to occur on land in grass the preceding year 
or adjacent to such land, plowing should be done as early in the pre- 
vious season as possible; and that since bill-bug injury is mainly 
done early, infested ground should be planted as late as practicable.* 
John B. Smith, the State Entomologist of New Jersey, advised, 
in the same year, plowing of sod for corn in fall and early winter, 
with a view to killing out the bill-bug larvae living in or under the 
sod ; and in the following year he says that this injury has been 
minimized where fall plowing has been practiced, t 
F, M. Webster also surmises :j: that fall plowing would probably 
result in the diminution or prevention of the injury, and suggests 
planting some other crop than corn where the occurrence of this in- 
jury is very probable; and H. E, Weed says in 1895 § that where 
*Bull. 18, la. Ag-r. Exper. Station, pp. 507-509. 
tTwelfth and Thirteenth Ann. Reports, N. J. A^r. E.xper. Station, for the vears 1891 (pp. 
394, 395) and 1892 (p. 390). 
f'Ohio Farmer," July 20, 1893, p. 57. 
§6ull. 35, Miss. Ag-r. Exper. ation, p. 154. 
