66 
were in four rows running across the orchard near one end, and far 
removed from the check. May 29 a few old Hving scales were found 
on half a dozen trees, but no young, either crawling or newly set. 
The bark of some of these trees was still covered with innumerable 
dead scales. September 10 the scales remaining had multiplied 
somewhat, giving an average infestation of 2. degrees, and showing 
a benefit of 64 per cent. Compared with the condition of the trees 
in January, at which time the infestation was estimated at 33 per 
cent, per tree, the September condition showed an improvement of 
38 per cent. 
7. These trees, unlike all the preceding, were in the orchard 
originally the worse infested of the two (Orchard I.), its check plot 
averaging, in January, 3.3 degrees of infestation when that of the 
other orchard (II.) averaged 2.2 degrees. At the time of the Sep- 
tember inspection, however, this difference had more than disap- 
peared, the infestation of these two orchards being now 4.94 for 
Orchard I. and 5.36 for Orchard II. That is to say, the infestation 
of the orchard worse infested in January had increased by 49 per 
cent, while that of the less-infested had increased by 145 per cent. 
The reasons for this difference were not clear. The September infes- ' 
tation of the check plot in Orchard I. was practically uniform, show- 
ing no invasion from the adjoining plots, and I have used, for com- 
parison, the averages for the whole of it instead of those for the 
two central rows only, as in Orchard II. 
This experiment was a January treatment of 141 trees, some 
peach and some apple, with the "Oregon wash" made of 15 pounds 
each of lime and sulphur, and i^ pounds of blue vitriol, to 50 gal- 
lons of water. Two hundred gallons of the wash were used Janu- 
ary 3 and twelve gallons more the following day. The temperature 
of January 3 was but a few degrees from freezing, part of the time 
above and part of the time below. The ground was covered with 
snow, and light winds blew from the north and northwest. Janu- 
ary 4 the temperature fell nearly to zero, and the wind shifted to 
the south. 
The solution was prepared by the process commonly used in 
all our recent orchard work, the lime being first placed in water 
which had been heated to the boiling point, and the sulphur paste in- 
troduced while the lime was slaking. The mixture was boiled for 
30 to 40 minutes, and the blue vitriol, previously dissolved, was 
added and the whole boiled for 5 minutes more. All of the trees 
were thoroughly sprayed, and but few tips of twigs or patches of 
bark could be found not covered by the residue after the fluid had 
