85 
To see whether the outer rows of trees were any more likely to 
be heavily infested by curculios than the inner, — whether curculios 
entering the orchard from outside would accumulate upon the outer 
rows, — three trees in the sprayed lot were examined, one from the 
middle and one from each end of the row farthest removed from 
the check. No differences in amount of curculio injury were found 
in these trees, as compared with the average for the plot in general, 
with the exception of one of the three, which stood at a corner of 
the orchard next a fringe of forest trees and brush. The fruit of 
this tree, notwithstanding the four thorough sprayings with arsen- 
ate of lead which it had received, had been injured by curculios to 
the amount of nearly 87 per cent., showing an extensive immigra- 
tion into the orchard from the adjoining woodland. As this con- 
tained both hawthorn and wild cherry-trees it doubtless furnished 
a constant breeding ground for curculios. 
Foreseeing difficulties of this kind, and also the probability of 
a mutual influence of check and experimental plots, the precaution 
had been taken to select, quite early in the season, for comparison, 
four trees from the center of each plot, and it is thus quite certain 
that no outside interference or intermingling of effects influenced 
the contrast obtained in this experiment. 
Orchard 2 {Plots II. and III.). — We turn next to the second 
orchard (Sections 2, 3, 6, and 7), one half of which was sprayed 
six times in succession, the other half being left as a check. As a 
part of these apples were of an early variety (Benoni), and a part 
were of a late variety (Ben Davis), I will give the results for these 
two varieties separately. 
Thirty-two Benoni trees (Plot II.) were sprayed six times in 
this experiment, in comparison with 34 Benoni trees left as a check, 
and the apples borne by 3 trees from each of these two lots were 
picked, measured, counted, and examined July 26 to 29 (Section 2, 
Columns i to 5), the two sets of trees having been so selected as 
to make the check lot the nearest possible duplicate of those which 
had been sprayed. The 3 trees not sprayed yielded 11.4 bushels of 
apples, and those which had been sprayed yielded 16 bushels (Col- 
umn 4) — an increase of 40 per cent, in the bulk of the yield as a 
consequence of the spraying. The 3 trees which had not been 
treated bore 2,593 apples, while the 3 treated trees bore 3,782 (Col- 
umn 5) — a difference of 47 per cent, in favor of the treated trees. 
That is, the sprayed trees bore nearly half as many apples again as 
those which had not been sprayed. The average size of the apples 
was approximately the same for both lots — 228 per bushel for the 
untreated trees, and 236 for the treated. 
