56 
Beginning April 14, there was a gradual increase in the number 
of emergences up to June 6 and 12; then a rapid decrease to July 6; 
afterward a sudden rise from August 4 to a high maximum August 10, 
followed by a rapid drop to August 24, after which date adults issued 
constantly, but in moderate numbers, until October 15. Out-of-doors 
the adults do not begin to emerge until about May 15, as a rule, and in 
1907 no adults were seen until May 23, tho the clover fields had been 
searched almost every day for them. The June and August dates of 
maximum emergence in the insectary agreed with the dates of maxi- 
mum abundance in the field. One year, however, I found the chalcids 
common July 6 to 19, and very common about July 15, tho in most 
years there are but two times of greatest abundance, and these are when 
faded clover blossoms are most numerous in the fields of cultivated 
clover. Some adults can be found, however, almost any day in the 
season from May 15 to October 15, or later, especially on volunteer 
clover, where they can always find heads in just the right condition for 
oviposition. 
The insect passes the winter inside the seed, on the ground. The 
seeds that we have collected and examined in early March contained 
larvse only ; in late autumn the seeds taken from dead clover heads on 
the ground contained many larvse and now and then a pupa. Evidently 
the species winters chiefly, if not almost entirely, as a larva, in this 
region. 
As the first period of egg-laying extends over a month or more, 
there is a corresponding range in the time of emergence of the second 
lot of adults. Thus, clover heads collected June 18 gave adults June 
21 and every day from July 4 to July 20. 
More than this, there occurs a surprising extension of the period 
of emergence. For example, heads collected June 21, 1904 (Urbana, 
III.), gave adults June 24; July 2, 4, 5, 6; August 9, 10, 11, 12, 13; 
then no more until the next year, 1905, when more adults issued May 
27, 30, and June 5. Thus the last adults appeared almost a year later 
than the first ones — all these from eggs laid inside a period of one 
month. One to nine individuals issued on each of these dates, and the 
majority issued during the first year. 
Compare this record with the above : Heads collected June 28, 
1904 (De Kalb Co., III.) gave adults (in Urbana) July 2 (5 individu- 
als) ; August 8 (1). 12 (4), 15 (1), 19 (1), and no more until 1905; 
then adults i.ssued May 30 (2), 31 (2) ; June 1 (11), 2 (2), 3 (2), 5 
(11), 6 (24), 7 (8), 8 (3), 9 (9), 10 (4), 12 (35). 13 (10), 14 (12), 
15 (18), 16 (8), 17 (8), 19 (7), 20 (2), 22 (2), 24 (2), and none 
thereafter. Here, the great majority failed to emerge until the follow- 
ing year. Usually it is the other way. 
By July 15 or a little earlier, new eggs begin to be laid in the new 
growth of red clover — the seed crop. We collected an immense num- 
ber of clover heads July 28, 1904, which gave adults as follows : Au- 
gust 5 (many), 7 and 8 (194 individuals), 9 (42), 10 and 11 (13), 12 
(103), 13 (23), 14 (6), 15 (31), 16 (6), 17 (2), 18 (1), 19 (3), 22 
