109 
Life History. — There is but one generation a year in this latitude. 
Here the species hibernates as a beetle. We have kept it alive over 
winter. It may also winter as a larva, as Chittenden found larvae 
Fig. 25. 
Fig. 26. 
Clover Stem-borer, Languria mosardi: Fig. 25, larva; Fig. 26, pupa. 
Both greatly enlarged. 
remaining as such from November to April, in stems of ragweed. In 
late winter and early spring the beetles are to be found in red-clover 
fields under the rubbish on the ground. In spring they eat clover 
leaves to some extent, but do no conspicuous damage, as they are 
comparatively few. In May and June these beetles mate ; by July 
10, nearly all of them have died ofif; rarely does one of the wintered 
beetles survive into August. Young larvae are common in the clover 
stems in the last week of June and early in July, for the most part ; 
tho eggs are not uncommon early in July, and occur, rarely, as late as 
July 17. Larvae of all ages are common in clover stems in July and 
thereafter; pupae are most numerous about August 15; and the beetles 
of the new generation emerge from the first of August up to the mid- 
dle of September, if not later. After the autumn frosts the beetles 
are to be found on the ground under the debris. 
Such is the life history, in condensed form, for this insect in this 
part of Illinois. Some details of importance follow. 
Eggs laid May 19 hatched May 24 ; those laid July 14 hatched 
July 17. The egg period was three days also in the case of eggs 
that hatched July 8, 9, and 10. Eggs were taken in large num- 
bers in the field July 5, 6, and 7, at which time 20 percent of all the 
large clover stems examined contained each an tgg. In one field 41 
percent of the clover stems, taken at random, had tgg pits July 6, with 
either eggs or small larvae present. 
