114 
country. In Europe, however, it has now and then shown what it is 
capable of doing in the way of damage. 
Stages. — The beetle (Fig. 31) is a small dark brown or rusty 
brown curculio, 5.5 mm. in length, with the beak short and broad. It 
is distinguished from other species of the same genus by the absence 
of erect setae on the interspaces of the elytra, and by its minute, nar- 
row, hairlike scales. On fresh specimens the pronotum shows a pale 
median dorsal line and a pale stripe on each side, the lateral stripes 
being continued forward on the head, above the eyes, and along the 
beak ; and also backward on the elytra for a short distance. 
In the genus Sitones, of which we have several species that are 
potentially injurious, the mandibles are stout, convex on the outside, 
and roughly punctured ; and the antennal grooves extend forward to 
the bases of the mandibles, — not to mention other characters given by 
Le Conte and Horn, and also by Casey. As in other CurculiomdcB, the 
male has one more "dorsal segment" than the female, owing to the 
division of the pygidium into two segments. 
The egg is subspherical. yellowish white at first, turning greenish, 
and becoming black in two or three days. The diameter is nearly 0.4 
mm., tho the egg is a trifle longer than broad. 
The larva, 5 mm. long when full grown, is a stout, yellowish 
white, footless grub. The head is small and yellowish brown, with 
whitish lines. Body segments a little larger than the head ; the second 
and the third a little larger than the first. The legs are represented by 
fleshy double tubercles. The abdominal segments gradually decrease 
in size and bear longer hairs than the thorax, these being longest on 
the small ninth segment, which terminates in a short, stout, truncate 
pseudopod. 
The larv?e assume a hooklike position, as mentioned by Webster. 
the head and thorax making almost a right angle with the abdomen. 
The pupa, 5 mm. in length, is pale yellowish, bearing hairs, 
spinules, and tubercles. The abdomen gradually diminishes in size, and 
the segments bear a few short reddish spinules, transversely arranged ; 
the ninth segment has also two long, slender, converging lateral spines, 
whitish basally and reddish apically. and toothed near the middle. 
The pupa and the larva have been described in minute detail by 
Xambeu. 
Life History. — Scarcely anything on the life history of this spe- 
cies has appeared in our literature since Webster's useful article of 
twenty years ago. In central Illinois the general course of the life 
history is markedly like that of the clover leaf-weevil. There is one 
generation each year. The beetles live thru summer and autumn, and 
try to hibernate. The eggs are not laid until late in the season, but 
they hatch in the same season and the little larvae hibernate. 
March 23 I saw the characteristic signs of the beetle on one red 
clover leaf, recently expanded, and again March 28, on white clover. 
The beetles are rare, however, in spring, and the earliest record that 
