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the winter. Small winter females taken March 28 and placed on the 
roots of potted clover thrived until June 13, then disappeared. 
Of the young brought forth on the roots by winter females, some 
stay on the roots, but multitudes at once climb the stem of the plant 
and fasten themselves by the beak to the under sides of the leaves. 
These oval, flat, green, scalelike larvae may stay on the leaves for a 
month or a little longer, growing meanwhile, or may go to the ground 
sooner than that. One larva taken in the field May 25 and transferred 
to potted clover stayed on the leaves until June 5, then disappeared, 
to reappear June 9 down on the stem near the ground ; there it re- 
mained until June 27, when it moulted ; July 5 it had disappeared for 
good. 
The young larvae on the leaves I found to be common June 24, 
July 5, and July 8; those of the first two dates were newly born and 
had not moulted. Larvae on leaves June 24 were transferred to the 
roots July 30, where they thrived thruout August. 
These individuals above ground wander about as they get older, 
and at length go to the ground, some dropping ofl: the plant, perhaps 
by accident, while others creep down the stem to the roots. This 
migratory habit of the larvse and their development on the leaves 
have not heretofore been noted apparently. Very likely it will be 
found that these aerial females are fertilized by the winged males. 
While these individuals are feeding on the leaves there are others 
of all sizes feeding in groups on the roots ; in fact, the root-feeding 
forms can probably be found every day in the year. The number of 
generations has not been made out. 
No eggs have been found in spring, and in our experience they 
are not laid until late in the season. Our dates for oviposition in root- 
cages are August 31, September 1, 2, 3, 5, and October 31. We 
have taken eggs in the field August 31 and September 15 and 27. 
The eggs always hatched before winter, the egg period being either 9 
or 10 days in September, and 19 days for the eggs laid October 31. 
The dates of hatching that we have noted are September 1, 2, 5, 10, 
11, 12, 15, 18, 29, and November 19. The young from these eggs we 
have carried far into the winter on clover roots, and regard them as 
being the winter females, which are to attain their full growth in 
spring. 
Habits. — The summer females wander about considerably on the 
roots and often go above ground, to resume feeding at the base of the 
plant in some crevice protected from the light, where they often lay 
eggs. 
As met with in the field, this mealy bug is almost always accom- 
panied by ants, which have made their nest about the roots of the 
clover plant. The species of ants found here, in this relation, are 
Lasins flavus DeG., as mentioned by Forbes, and three other common 
species : Lasiiis niger americanus Mayr, Lasins inter jectns Mayr, and 
Myrmica scabrinodis hbicornis Nyl. 
