118 
killed. (For other particulars concerning the use of carbon bisulfid 
see page 158.) Mr. C. E. Sanborn* has recommended the use of 
"Aphis Punk" or "Nico-Fume" paper in fumigating plants under 
cover. 
Kerosene emulsion of a 10 percent strength is the standard 
spray for the cabbage plant-louse. Care should be taken to spray 
thoroly the under side of the leaves, where the lice are usually 
most abundant, for the liquid must come in contact with the insects 
in order to kill them, (For formula, etc., see page 153.) 
Tobacco decoction and various soap mixtures have been recom- 
mended for this plant-louse, but they are less effective than the kero- 
sene emulsion. It is hardly necessary to say that treatment should 
begin at the first appearance of the lice. 
Clean culture, especially the destruction of the cabbage and 
cauliflower stalks in fall, is very important, to destroy the eggs 
which are deposited on the cabbage and related plants, and like- 
wise to destroy the young and adult lice which may be hibernating 
on the same kinds of plants. 
The Cabbage Flea-beetle 
Phyllotrcta I'itfafa Fabr. 
This flea-beetle, often very abundant and destructive, is the 
only one of the many flea-beetles — so named because of their re- 
markable leaping ability — which has been found injuring cabbage 
in northern Illinois. It is a black, shining oval beetle (Fig. 8, a) 
Fig. 8. Cabbage Flea-beetle, Phyllotrcta zitfata: a, beetle; b, 
larva. Enlarged as indicated. 
about .08 inch long, with a broad, wavy longitudinal marking of 
pale yellow on each wing-cover. It sometimes injures other crops, 
especially radishes, and its food plants include many weeds. It 
injures plants by eating innumerable holes and pits in the leaves. 
*Loc. cit. 
