LAMPREYS AND FISHES OF INDIANA. ' 225 



From the Cumberland River and southwards occurs another species of 

 Hiodon, H. selenops. It is a slenderer fish than either of the above, the 

 depth in length four. The eye is very large, two and one-half in head. 

 Dorsal rays, twelve ; anal rays, twenty-seven. It is possible that it may 

 be found in the lower Ohio River. 



Family CLUPEID.E. 



Body compressed ; covered with usually cycloid scales. Head scale- 

 less. Mouth lai'ge or small, the upper margins formed by the maxill- 

 aries, which are composed of two or three pieces. Teeth feeble or 

 entirely wanting. Gill-rakers numerous, long and slender. No lateral 

 line. No adipose fin. 



A large family containing numerous genera and species of fishes, many 

 of which are of great economical importance. Our species come under 

 two genera : 



a. Mouth rather large, terminal ; dorsal fin beginning in front of the 

 ventrals. 



Clupea, p. 225. 

 aa. Mouth small, inferior ; dorsal beginning over or behind the ventrals. 



Dorosoma, p. 226. 



Genus CLUPEA Linn. 



Body of moderate depth ; compressed. Mouth moderate to large, 

 terminal, the maxillary composed of three pieces each. Teeth feeble or 

 entirely wanting. Dorsal fin beginning in front of the ventrals. Belly 

 often compressed to a sharp edge. 



One native and possibly two introduced species. 

 a. Vomer without teeth. 



b. Gill-rakers few and short. chrysochloris, p. 225. 



bb. Gill- rakers numerous and long. sapidisshna,* p. 225. 



Clupea chrysochloris Raf. 



Skqj-jack. 



Jordan and Gilbert, 1882, 8, 266; Jordan, 1884, 12, 594, pi. 211. 



Form elongated and much compressed, tapering from the front of the 

 dors-al toward both snout and tail. Depth in length, three and three- 

 fourths. Head in length, three and three-fourths. Mouth large, the 



■■• Efiforts have been made by the United States Fish Commission to introduce into our 

 rivers the shad, one of the most valuable of the food fishes belonging to the family 

 Clupeidee. 



The shad {C. sapidissima) has a rather deep body, two and two-thirds to three in the 

 length, large mouth, long, slender and numerous gill-rakers, and about sixty scales along 

 the lateral line. Dorsal rays, fifteen; anal, twenty-one. Belly strongly serrated. The 

 young of this excellent food-fish have been deposited in the Ohio River, and a few speci- 

 mens have since been captured. The success of the experiment is, however, very doubtful. 



15 — GEOI.0GY. 



