LAMPREYS AND FISHES OF INDIANA. 275 



median row of enlarged and modified scales, or with a naked strip. 

 Cheeks and opercles scaly. Dorsal rays XIII to XV, 12 or 13. Anal 

 rays II, 9 or 10. Pectorals and ventrals short, lacking much of reach- 

 ing the vent. Color olive, with mottlings of brown. Sides with eight 

 or nine large brown spots. Back with the same number of dusky 

 blotches. A black spot below the eye. Sjiinous dorsal with a dusky base. 

 A black spot at the base of the caudal. Length about four inches or 

 less. 



Western Pennsylvania to Dakota and Arkansas A common fish in 

 suitable streams Has been taken at many localities in Indiana. Frank- 

 lin County (5, No. 2, 8) ; Carroll County (2S, '88, 51) ; Monroe County 

 (1, '85, 411) ; Marion County (1, '77, 375) ; Lawrence County (23, '84, 

 205); St. Joseph's River (4, '88, 155); Kankakee River at Plymouth 

 (4, '88, 156); Cass and Whitley Counties (4, '88, 159); Posey County 

 (i, '88, 164); Vigo County (16, 96); Eel River Basin (i, '94, 39); Deca- 

 tur County (Shannon). 



Oue of these fishes taken by myself at Logausport had seventy-five 

 scales along the lateral line. The usual number is about sixty-five. 

 Such variations in scales are often met with 'in our fishes. Some speci- 

 mens taken by Dr. Jor.lan at Plymouth were more than four inches in 

 length- and all extremely plump and very dark in color. In his " Fishes 

 of Ohio," Jordan says that this fish is the most graceful of all the darters, 

 and delights in clear streams with gravelly bottoms. It is less clf»sely 

 confined to the bottom and to the shelter of stones than the others, swim- 

 ming more freely in the waters. As an acquarium fish, it is "hardier 

 than any other fish as pretty and prettier than any other as hardy." Dr. 

 Forbes (1^, No. 3, 23) found that it eats the larvse and pupre of may- 

 flies, dragonflies, etc., and some entomostraca. 



Etheostoma phoxocefhalum Nelson. 



Alvordius phoxocephalus, Jordan and Gilbert, 1882, 8, 501. 



Body elongate and somewhat compressed. Depth in length five times. 

 Head in length three and three-fourths to four ; narrow and with the 

 snout pointed. Snout equal to the eye, four and one-half in the length 

 of the head. Profile descending gently to the tip of the snout. 



Mouth moderate, slightly oblique, the maxillary reaching back to the 

 anterior border of the eye. Palatine teeth present. Pectoral fins short, 

 failing much of reaching the vent. Mid-ventral line naked or with a 

 row of modified scales. Gill-membranes united for a short distance 

 across the isthmus. Dorsal rays XII, 13. Anal rays II, 9. Scales 

 12-68-14. Cheeks and opercles densely clothed with scales. Color in 

 alcohol pale olive ; about fifteen lateral blotches of brown ; also a few 



