LAMPREYS AND FISHES OF INDIANA. 285 



{Cyelo'ps and Da-plmia) ; as the size increases more insects are taken. Speci-. 

 mens two and one-half inches long had eaten nothing but hemiptera 

 (12^) and neuroptera (88%). The latter consisted nearly entirely of 

 the larvae of mayflies. The adults cease to eat entomostraca, but capture 

 crayfishes, fresh-water shrimps, amphipods, isopods and a large propor- 

 tion of insects. The Lake Michigan specimens were found to have eaten 

 87% of fishes, all minnows. 



Roosevelt (Game Fishes, 228) states that the perch is despised equally 

 by the gourmand and the sportsman. He says that the flesh is coarse, 

 white and tasteless, and that the fish is pursued only by boys and ladies. 



Genus STIZ08TEDI0N Rafinesque. 



Body fusiform, not much compressed. Preopercle serrated. Premax- 

 illaries protractile Teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines. Some teeth 

 on- jaws and palatines developed as long, sharp canines. Branchiostegals 

 seven. Differs from Perca especially in having strong canine teeth. In- 

 cludes four species, two American and two European. 



a. Pyloric cceca three; dorsal fin XIII-I, 21. vitreum, p. 285. 



aa. Pyloric cceca four to seven ; dorsal XITI-T, 18. canadense, p. 286. 



Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill). 

 Blue Pike; Wall-eyed Pike ; Yellow Pike; Jao.k Salmon. 



Stizostedmm vitreum, Jordan and Gilbert, 1882, S, 525 ; 1884, 12, 417, 

 pi. 169. Smith, 1892, 4, 208, pi. 47. 



Body tapering from dorsal fin toward snout and tail ; slightly com- 

 pressed, becoming more so as the size increases. Head in length about 

 four times. Depth in length four to six. Snout long and pointed. 

 Mouth nearly horizontal, large, the maxillary extending back to a per- 

 pendicular from the hinder edge of the pupil. Cheeks naked or scaly ; 

 opercles more or less scaly and ending behind in a single spine. Ante- 

 rior dorsal fin of thirteen long slender spines. Posterior dorsal of a 

 spine and 21 soft rays. Anal spines two ; soft rays twelve. Scales 11- 

 90 to 100-15. The sides brassy yellow, mottled with olive ; or the olive 

 may predominate, especially on the back. Head mottled with olive and 

 brassy. Belly white. Lower fins more or less yellow, the pectorals 

 without, a dusky spot at the base. Both the dorsal and the caudal 

 marked with yellow and dusky. Length occasionally as great as three 

 feet. 



Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley. Abundant northward. Ohio 

 River (4, 9, 48); Vigo County {16, 96); Lake Michigan {U, No. 1, 36; 

 U,^o. 2, 44). 



This is one of the most valuable of the food fishes furnished by the 

 Great Lakes. Its flesh is excellent, and it reaches a size that makes its 

 capture worthy of effort. It was formerly much more abundant than at 



