38 Experiments on the Adhesion of Iron Spikes, 
in the seasoned oak the former was 184 per cent. superior to the 
latter. It is also apparent that the advantage of seasoned oak over. 
seasoned yellow pine for retaining spikes, is, by a comparison of ex- 
periments 1 and 3, as 1 to 1.9; and by a comparison of 2 and 4, it 4 
is as 1 to 2.37. In the wkcceding experiments the spikes were 
driven into the timber and immediately drawn out again. In the 
second series, the spikes were driven into their respective pieces of 
timber, and then soaked for a few days in water. ‘The pieces into 
which the different spikes were driven, were as nearly alike as it was 
practicable to obtain them, being always cut from the same plank, 
avoiding knots, cracks, &c. The following table contains a view of 
the experiments after soaking the timber. 
TABLE II 
Timber soaked after the spikes were driven. 
ee 3 8 S 2 & 
; : sca ee - ie s oe 
Z 3 cI 4/ Gla je |= |B 
=| tr = a 2 & 7 °° = 
LS Ss a Sot ey Sey a @ a3 
g o 3 iol ed es c ols a & 
oe = Qo. ° wa B o |oonr He or 
o = Ow wa Vio o| wo 40 
=a are) si gien|sa = 3 
4 i ea 4 95 ee em ie = 
o ra) aa i ee A be Sol . 
= A o = | » od a 
So a=] = seas = | 4 | o OD ocx ow! © 
S A & MiaIO (§SS)/bR jSel es 
a i a] Inch) Inch} Inch c ee a 
1|Swelled and grooved.|Chestnut unseasoned. |.375).300/3.5 (806. |1710. |2.191 1535, 
es ze Yellow pine seasoned, |.375).300)3.5 1 2.069} “ 
: “ — |Hemlock-p aly senso -375}-30013.5 (806. |1738. {2.156} “ 
e te White oak seasoned. —_|.375).300)3.5 |806. |3373. |4.184) “ 
es “« {Locust partly seasoned. |.375|.300)3.5 806. |4902. |6.081) “ 
6 heswell filed away. |C Chestnut unseasoned. mi “a 5 |759. |1952.5 |2.440) « 
7 . ee easoned yellow pine. [.390).300)3.5 759. |1767. {2.328} ‘ 
ar |Hemlock partly season’d 300 "300 3.5 |'759. |1296.8 |1.576) “ ‘ 
[Plain spike, filed  \Chestnut unseasoned. _|.400).394|3.625|933.5|1790. |1.810| “ 
g ‘ 
1 ae a. {Hemlock partly season’d).400).394 . - 933.5 “oy 75)1.755) “ 
Mi hey 2" Locust partly seasoned. .400).394): 933. 4.167) “ 
12 400) .394 38 933.5 41339. " 640) “ 
13 Groored and notched yi oak. |-3921.315)3.675/759. 2622. |3.454| “ 
14 ee 339/.32913.625/639. 12152. |3.367] “ 
REMARKS. 
Experiment No. 1.—In this eg the four following, the thickness of the spike is 
that at the bottom of the ot pete 
Experiment No. 4.—The ian ‘teed i in this experiment was firmer than that em- 
ployed in the first serie 
riment No. The timber had been slightly split by the driving of this 
Sat 
Experiment No. 6.—The flanches remained after filing out the swelled part of 
the original form.- ee 
Experiment No. 12- Pc tees: kL oe as ee ae oe “1. 
we seit o i 
