Electro-Magnetic Machine. 8 
weight is attached and raised by the winding of arope. As soon as 
the small battery, destined to generate the power, is properly con- 
nected with the machine, and duly excited by diluted acid, the mo- 
tion begins, by the horizontal movement of the iron cross, with its 
circular segments or flanges. By the galvanic connection, these 
crosses and their connected segments are magnetized, acquiring north 
and south polarity at their opposite ends, and being thus subjected to 
the attracting and repelling force of the circular fixed magnets, a 
rapid horizontal movement is produced, at the rate of two hundred 
to three hundred revolutions in a minute, when the small battery was 
used, and over six hundred with a calorimotor of large size. The 
rope was wound up with a weight of fourteen pounds attached, and 
twenty eight pounds were lifted from the floor. The movement is 
instantly stopped by breaking the connexion with the battery, and 
then reversed by simply interchanging the connexion of the wires of 
the battery with those of the machine, when it becomes equally rapid 
in the opposite direction. 
The machine, as a philosophical instrument, operates with beauti- 
fulvand surprising effect, and no reason can be discovered why the 
motion may not be indefinitely continued. Itis easy to cause a very 
gradual flow of the impaired or exhausted acid liquor from, and of 
fresh acidulated water into, the receptacle of the battery, and when- 
ever the metal of the latter is too much corroded to be any longer 
efficient, another battery may be instantly substituted, and that even 
before the connexion of the old battery is broken. As to the energy 
of the power, it becomes at once a most interesting inquiry, whether 
it admits of indefinite increase? To this inquiry it may be replied, 
that provided the magnetism of both the revolving cross and of the 
fixed circle can be indefinitely increased, then no reason appears 
why the energy of the power cannot also be indefinitely increased. 
Now, as magnets of the comnion kind, usually called permanent mag- 
nets, find their limits within, at most, the power of lifting a few hun- 
dred pounds, it is obvious that the revolving galvanic magnet must, in 
its efficiency, be limited, by its relation to the fixed magnet. ‘But it 
is an important fact, discovered by experience, that the latter is soon 
impaired in its power by the influence of the revolving galvanic mag- 
net, which is easily made to surpass it in energy, and thus, as it were, 
to overpower it. It is obvious, therefore, that the fixed magnet, as 
well as the revolving, ought to be magnetized by galvanism, and then 
there is every reason to believe that the relative equality of the two, 
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