On the Economical Uses of some species of Testacea. 249 
rial bearings.* It was, however, properly speaking, peculiar to the 
Compostella pilgrimage. Popes Alexander III, Gregory IX, and 
Clement V, granted in their bulls a faculty to the archbishop of Com- 
postella, a they might*excommunicate those who sold these shells 
to pilgrims any where except in the city of Santiago ; and the reason 
assigned is, that the scallop shell is the badge of the apostle of Santi- 
ago or St. James.+ They were occasionally carved as cameos. 
shell lies in large beds, in moderately deep water, and is procured 
by dredging. In common with the other species, they are Jocomo- 
_ tive, and have the power of springing or leaping, by which they 
move themselves. They effect this by suddenly forcing the under 
valve against whatever they lie on, and so raise themselves a few 
inches at atime. The only value which the shell has now, is for 
its occasional, but well known use as a substitute for a dish.T 
XIV. Prcren orercuraris. (Penn.)—Small Scallop. 
This shell, though smaller and less common than the former, is 
occasionally used as food on the southern coasts of England. Its 
habits are the same as the last, and the shell is not put to any use.§ 
: 
XV. Pecren concentricum, American Scallop, 
Is found along the whole coast of the United States, from Maine 
to Florida. It does not appear to be very generally used as food, 
but is occasionally to be met with in the New York markets and oys- 
ter cellars for that purpose. 
Of this genus many more species are most probably used as food 
in different countries, as when large enough they are always easily 
obtained, wholesome and palatable. 
“The eye shows in a coat of arms, 
That of the bearer’s line, 
Some one in former days hath been, 
antiago’s shrine.” —Southey’s Pilgrim. Introd. 
+ Southey’s Pilgrim. to Compostella, Notes, pp. 208—217, where various tradi- 
tions of the origin are given 
t Donovan’s Br. Shells, pl. 49. ao Chron, ¥al.t ii. p. 378, and James’ 
Medical Dictionary, Vol. iv. Art. Psctr 
§ Murray’s wetyelpedi of Geicaphy Art. Exctanp, Transactions of the 
Linnean Society of London, Vol. viii. p. 
Vo. XXXII. —No. 2. 32 
