\ 
NEW OR NOTEWORTHY VIOLETS. 97 
and, of the two writers who soon after wrote disparagingly of 
my propositions, intimating that there were others who, knew 
much more about these plants than what I had supposed myself 
to have learned in one season, the one has in the interval con- 
ceded again and again, in print, my whole position, while the 
other has maintained silence on the topic ever since. In a word 5 
the kind of characters then and there first indicated as essential 
have been. recognized as such, by all recent students of the 
genus, without exception, and the species reinstated have since 
obtained well nigh universal recognition. 
Meanwhile, I myself, after eight years of careful research in 
field, herbarium and library, have come to the conclusion that 
the bog-meadow violet, my V. cucullata (whatever Aiton’s plant 
of that name may have been) is an aggregate of several clearly 
distinguishable species. There are bogs and swamps of various 
descriptions, in the different parts of the country; bogs green 
and grassy or sedgy; bogs of small shrubbery with moss and 
| lichen covering the ground; bogs of sphagnum; bogs open to 
the full glare of the sun all day; bogs deeply shaded by luxu- 
riant forest growth: and there are smooth cucullate-leaved pale- 
flowered acaulescent violets in all; and they are different, I 
have waited long, in order to make sure they were different ; 
and being convinced, I shall endeavor to give the characters of 
at least two or three segregates‘of what, in 1896, I called “V. cw- 
cullata, Ait, ? ”, leaving still under that name the type mainly 
studied, collected and distributed by me, from a small swamp 
— and sedge, near Ellicott City, Maryland, 3 and 24 May, 
6. 
V. Macroris. Rootstocks stoutish, multicipitous, the leaves 
and flowers therefore in rather large tufts as in V. cucullata, but 
taller, nearly a foot high at petaliferous flowering, the herbage — 
thin and scarcely succulent, leaves less cucullate; herbage glab-- 
rous to the unaided eye, but petioles commonly with many scat- 
tered spreading or deflexed hispid-looking hairs seen under a 
lens, sometimes truly glabrous, blade of leaf larger than in 
