256 ^ PITTONIA. 
woods; the ground beneath, a deep mat of other lichens and 
of mosses, different from all that grew in the drier forests of 
the surrounding hill-country. Just here and nowhere else 
oceurred several sorts of Vaccinium, Cassandra calyculata, 
_two or three species of Pyrola, the winter-green of both kinds, 
i. e., Gaultheria and Chiogenes, wild cranberries, and still | 
other ericaceous shrubs and undershrubs, such as would 
delight the heart of any botanist whose early home had been 
in northern Europe. Of orchids there were many, most of 
them peculiar to America, and new to the eyes of our botanist 
when he first saw them in this place; such were the mag- 
nificent Cypripedium spectabile, the more graceful Calopogon 
pulchellus, several different kinds of fringed orchis, Pogonia 
ophioglossoides and Arethusa bulbosa. This last was always 
in Mr. Kumlien’s opinion the very loveliest of all North 
American wild flowers; for he delighted especially in such 
as combined exquisite form and coloring, with rich fragrance. 
Tt was also in this little bit of a botanical northman’s paradise 
that he once discovered a bed of what would necessarily be 
dearest of all forest undershrubs to the heart of a Swedish 
botanist, Linncea borealis. This discovery had been made at 
an early day, and he could never find the precise locality a 
second time. Any one who has ever attempted to return from 
the midst of a tamarack swamp to the point at which he 
. entered it, or even to keep the points of the compass while 
within its labyrinths, knows what this means. Many years 
later the present writer had the satisfaction of carrying to his 
friend a sprig of Linnæa from what must have been the 
original and long lost spot; but he also failed in every subse- 
quent search for it. 
During the first twenty years of his residence in America, 
Mr. Kumlien was engaged in forming collections in all 
branehes of natural history, for such celebrated institutions 
as the Stockholm, Leyden and British Museums in Europe, 
and the Smithsonian in this country; and also for many 
private individuals on both sides of the Atlantie. Mr. Wheeler 
Says : - 
