STUDIES IN THE COMPOSITA. 57 
Of the Olympic Mountains, Washington, 30 Sept., 1890, 
C. V. Piper. The most northwesterly species of the genus, 
and doubtless of limited range. The rays are said to be 
white or pink. Were they yellow, it would be impossible 
to place the plant in any genus separate from that which 
should include the “Aplopappus Lyallii” of the far North- 
west. But, between the foregoing members of the present 
series and the concluding one, this is a very fair connecting 
link. I do not know what Nuttall or Asa Gray would have 
thought of the curious proposition that this plant is related 
to Xylorrhiza. 
10. E. NeMoRALIS. Aster nemoralis, Ait. Kew, iii. 198 
(1789). Galatella nemoralis, Nees., Ast. 173 (1832).—At per- 
fect generic agreement with Hucephalus, of which it is the 
northeastern representative, inhabiting bogs or wet woods 
(as do most of the western species) from Newfoundland to 
New Jersey. 
The characterization of the Macharanthera group of Aster 
given in Gray's Synoptical Flora (where the plants figure as 
subgenus number 13 of Aster) is indeed very good, as far as 
it goes, though it leaves unmentioned that very striking 
character of the anthers which Nees discovered and which 
gave him the suggestion of the generic name. It also leaves 
unmentioned those peculiarities of achenes and pappus 
which furnished Nuttall with some warrant for proposing 
the genus Dieteria. As for the propriety of appending of 
such a group as this to Aster, I must call attention to the 
fact that this was a view to which none of those excellent 
synantherologists, Nees ab Esenbeck, Nuttall or De Candolle. 
could subscribe. Nor was it until after Gray had passed the 
meridian of his best working days that he himself—and 
even then, apparently only as preferring to yield his former 
views to those of Bentham, then newly expressed in the 
Genera, Plantarum—gave up the maintenance of Machzran- 
8 
