192 PITTONIA. 
There is also, in my plate of Arcteranthis, one seeming 
error, by which a too near relation to Ranunculus might be 
inferred. The head of ovaries, and also the separate and 
magnified individual ovary, are quite like the achenes of 
many buttercups. It must therefore be borne in mind that 
these are ovaries, not achenes. Mr. Rose’s specimens were 
all in fruit, and his representation of the achene appears 
to be faultless. - It isa proper achene, and very far from the 
utricular carpel of Kumlienia. Neither does it resemble, 
except in the matter of its ribs, the achene of Cyrtorhyncha ; 
for the beak is recurved, quite as in Ranunculus, not in- 
flexed. 
The distinetly unguiculate petal of Mr. Rose’s descrip- 
tion and plate would, were the character an actual one, be- 
come another point of analogy with Cyrtorhyncha. But the 
plant has not at all such a petal. Precisely its true form 
and character may be seen in our Plate III. 
Mr. Holm’s thorough training and long experience in 
the study of the subterranean organs of plants have ren- 
dered his eye very keen in detecting such peculiarities of the 
roots as are well brought out by him in these three figures. 
Of Kumlienia the root is very fleshy and pubescent. That 
of Arcieranthis is more slender and perfectly glabrous. I 
must also add, by way of further criticism of Mr. Rose's 
plate, that the representation of a subterranean rootstock— 
or of a fusiform branched fleshy root—is altogether fictitious. 
As on the earliest pages of the present issue of PrTTONIA, 
Eranthis is shown to be a mere synonym for the Winter 
Hellebore, I have combined that name with arctos, to form 
an appropriate generic name for this beautiful monotype of 
the far-off subarctic early spring. 
EXPLANATION oF Prare IIT.—Flowering plant, natural size; a, flower 
of natural size showing back of sepals and petals; b, petal, front view, 
natural size ; c, head of half-grown ovaries, natural size ; d, ovary of same 
stage, 5 times enlarged. 
