334 PITTONIA. 
meaning that the renewed interest which has been awakened 
during the last three years, in the Eastern U. S. violets, 
could hardly have failed to suggest the desirability of a 
further study of the East Canadian representatives of the 
genus. 
Whatever of value these notes may contain, is largely if 
not chiefly due to abundant living specimens, and very 
copious and intelligently made field-notes, which have been 
forwarded to me by the younger Mr. Macoun; whose mod- 
esty alone seems to have stood in the way of his publishing 
them himself; for all the new species here described were 
- so carefully studied by him, that, independently of my own 
opinion, he regarded them as undescribed. 
V. SEPTENTRIONALIS. Acaulescent, gregarious, low, 4 or 
5 inches high at petaliferous flowering; herbage rather light 
green, the leaves and petioles sparsely clothed with stiff 
straight spreading hairs, these most numerous beneath and 
along the veins: leaves from reniform in the lowest to 
round-cordate, strongly cucullate when young, lightly and 
very regularly erenate, all obtuse: peduneles about equal- 
ling the leaves, bibracteolate near the middle: sepals small 
for the size of the flower, with prominent truncate auricles, 
the whole margin finely and closely ciliate: corolia pale 
violet, rather large, 9 or 10 lines long and broad, all the 
petals broad, usually all obcordate-notched at the broad 
apex, the upper pair sometimes merely obtuse; the odd or 
lower one amply expanded and as long and as broad as the 
others, this and the pair next to it hairy at base (on the 
claw), and sparingly so on the blade: apetalous flowers 
aerial, but on very short, slender and horizontal peduncles, 
their pods very short and nearly oval. 
Rich soil along the borders of thickets, near Ottawa, 
Ontario, in full petaliferous flower 10 May, 1898, and in 
fruit from the apetalous flowers a month later, J. M. Ma- 
coun; Canadian Survey n. 18,561. Its southern and eastern 
