ROSACES. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 23 
PRUNUS HORTULANA. 
Wild Plum, 
CaLyx-LoBEs glandular-serrate, pubescent on both surfaces. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
long pointed ; petioles glandular. Stone turgid, compressed at the two ends, conspicu- 
ously rugose and pitted. 
Prunus hortulana, L. H. Bailey, Garden and Forest, v. Prunus Chicasa, Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 
QO, 9 152 (in part). : 
Prunus Americana, var. (?), Patterson, List Pl. Oquawka, 
5: 
A tree, twenty to thirty feet in height, with a slender often inclining trunk frequently five or six 
or occasionally ten or twelve inches in diameter, dividing, usually several feet from the ground, into stout 
spreading branches; or often a shrub with many upright stems, forming thicket-like clumps. The 
bark of the trunk is thin and dark brown, and separates into large thin persistent plates which in exfo- 
liating display the light red-brown inner layers. The branches are stout, rigid, marked with minute 
pale lenticels, glabrous or sometimes puberulous during their first summer, rather dark brown when the 
tree grows in the shade of the forest, and usually unarmed; or on vigorous trees grown in the open 
ground they are sometimes bright red or red-brown in their first year, and darker brown in their second, 
and are then often armed with stout spinescent spur-like branchlets. The winter-buds are minute and 
obtuse, and are covered by chestnut-brown scales with slightly ciliate margins, those of the inner ranks 
accrescent with the growing shoots, oblong-lanceolate, acute, glandular-serrate, and sometimes half an 
inch long at maturity. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate, contracted at the apex into long slender points, 
wedge-shaped or more or less rounded at the narrow base, and finely serrate with incurved lanceolate 
glandular teeth ; when they unfold they are pilose with slender white hairs, and at maturity are gla- 
brous with the exception of the hairs which are gathered on the under surface in the axils of the 
primary veins or are scattered along the midribs; they are rather thick and firm, dark green and 
lustrous on the upper, and paler on the lower surface, and four to six inches long and an inch to an 
inch and a half broad, with broad conspicuous midribs orange-colored on the under, and slightly grooved 
on the upper surface, conspicuous orange-colored veins connected near the margin of the leaf, and 
prominent reticulate veinlets; they are borne on slender orange-colored petioles which vary from an 
inch to an inch and a half in length, and are furnished above the middle with numerous small scattered 
dark glands; and on vigorous shoots stand nearly at right angles with the stems. The stipules are 
lanceolate-acuminate, glandular-serrate, and early deciduous. The flowers, which in the neighborhood 
of St. Louis appear by the end of April or early in May with the unfolding of the leaves, vary from 
two thirds of an inch to an inch in diameter, and are produced in two to four-flowered subsessile umbels, 
on slender puberulous pedicels half an inch in length. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic, puberulous 
on the outer surface, with ovate glandular-serrate lobes acute or rounded at the apex, pubescent on 
the outer, and pubescent or tomentose on the inner surface, and reflexed after the unfolding of the 
petals; these are narrowly obovate, rounded and occasionally emarginate at the apex and contracted 
below into long narrow claws, entire, erose, or occasionally serrate, and pure white, or often marked 
toward the base with orange. The stamens are as long as the petals or sometimes rather longer, with 
slender glabrous filaments and minute orange-colored anthers. The pistil is glabrous, with a slender 
style crowned by a thick truncate stigma. The fruit, which ripens in the neighborhood of St. Louis 
