ROSACEA. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 
41 
PRUNUS VIRGINIANA. 
Choke Cherry. 
CALYX-LOBES deciduous. 
oblong-obovate, usually abruptly acuminate. 
Prunus Virginiana, Linnzus, Spec. 473 (excl. syn.).— 
Willdenow, Berl. Bawmz. 238, t. 5, £1; Spec. ii. pt. ii. 
985; Enum. 517. — Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 203. — 
Persoon, Syn. ii. 34. — Hayne, Dendr. Fl..70. — Guimpel, 
Otto & Hayne, Abbild. Holz. 43, t. 36. —Sprengel, Syst. 
ii. 478. — Dietrich, Syn. iii. 42. — Torrey, Bot. Mea. 
Bound. Surv. 62.—Koch, Dendr. i. 121. — Chapman, 
Fl. 120. — Watson, King’s Rep. v. 80. — Emerson, Trees 
Mass. ed. 2, ii. 518, t. — Brewer & Watson, Bot. Cal. i. 
167. — Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 152. 
Padus rubra, Miller, Dict. ed. 8, No. 2. 
Prunus nana, Du Roi, Harbk. Bawmz. ii. 194, t. 4. 
Prunus-Cerasus Canadensis, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 113. 
Prunus rubra, Aiton, Hort. Kew. ii. 162.— Willdenow, 
Berl. Baumz, ed. 2, 299. —Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, 
Abbild. Holz. 98, t. 78. 
Padus oblonga, Moench, Meth. 671. 
Prunus serotina, Poiret, Lam. Dict. v. 665 (not Ehrhart). — 
Pursh, £7. Am. Sept. i. 330. — Elliott, Sk. i. 541. — Tor- 
rey, Hl. N. Y. i. 196. 
Cerasus Virginiana, Loiseleur, Nouveau Duhamel, v. 3 
(excl. syn. Michaux). — De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 539.— 
Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 414. — Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. 
410. — Torrey, Fl. N. Y. i. 196; Nicollet’s Rep. 149; 
Frémont’s Rep. 89; Emory’s Rep. 408; Pacific R. R. 
Stone oblong-ovate, pointed. 
Wild Cherry. 
Leaves broadly oval to 
fiep. iv. 83. — Emerson, Trees Mass. 456.— Gray, Man. 
115; Pacific R. R. Rep. xii. pt. ii. 42. — Darlington, FV. 
Cestr. ed. 3, 74. — Cooper, Pacific R. R. Rep. xii. pt. ii. 
30; Am. Nat. iii. 406. 
Prunus hirsuta, Elliott, Sz. i. 541. 
Prunus obovata, Bigelow, 7. Boston. ed. 2, 192. 
Cerasus serotina, Hooker, FU. Bor.-Am. i. 169 (excl. syn. 5 
not Loiseleur). — Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 515. 
Cerasus obovata, Beck, Bot. 97.— Eaton & Wright, Bot. 
189. 
Cerasus micrantha, Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 414. 
Cerasus densiflora, Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 415. 
Cerasus fimbriata, Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 416. 
Cerasus hirsuta, Spach, Hist. Vég. i. 417.— Eaton & 
Wright, Bot. 190. 
Cerasus Virginiana, var. 8. Torrey & Gray, Fi. i. 410. 
Cerasus Duerinckii, Martens, Sel. Sem. Hort. Lovan. 1840; 
Bull. Bot. Soc. Brux. viii. 68. 
Prunus Duerinckii, Walpers, Rep. ii. 10. 
Padus fimbriata, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 84. 
Padus densiflora, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 84. 
Padus micrantha, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 84. 
Padus obovata, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 86. 
Padus hirsuta, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 87. 
A tree, with strong-scented bark’ and leaves, rarely thirty to thirty-five feet in height, with a short 
and often crooked or inclining trunk sometimes a foot in diameter, small erect or horizontal branches, 
and stout branchlets which form a narrow irregular head; or more often a low shrub. The bark of 
the trunk is an eighth of an inch thick, slightly and irregularly fissured, broken on the surface into 
small persistent scales, and often marked by irregular pale excrescences. The branches, when they first 
appear, are light brown, or bronze-green, and glabrous, puberulous, or sometimes pubescent, and in their 
first winter are light brown or brown tinged with red and marked with large oblong lenticels ; in their 
second year they become darker brown, and the tough outer layer of bark is easily separable in horizon- 
tal strips from the bright green inner layers. The winter-buds are acute or obtuse and are covered by 
pale chestnut-brown scales, more or less scarious on the margins and rounded at the apex, those of the 
inner rank accrescent, lanceolate or ligulate, sharply and often glandular-serrate, chartaceous, and from 
half an inch to an inch im length. The leaves are broadly oval or more or less oblong-obovate, usually 
abruptly acuminate at the apex, wedge-shaped, rounded or subcordate at the base, and sharply and 
often deeply serrate with subulate spreading teeth ; when they unfold they are glabrous with the excep- 
matic and rather agreeable perfume. The branches of the former 
are usually much stouter than those of the latter. 
i The strong disagreeable odor of the inner bark of the branches 
of this species affords the best character for distinguishing it in 
winter from Prunus serotina, the inner bark of which has an aro- 
