ROSACEA. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 95 
CRATAiGUS COCCINEA. 
Scarlet Haw. 
White Thorn. 
LEAVES membranaceous, round-ovate, acutely incised. 
Crateegus coccinea, Linnxus, Spec. 476. — Miller, Dict. 
ed. 8, No. 4.— Du Roi, Harbk. Bawmz. i. 193. — Moench, 
Biume Weiss. 28. — Walter, Fl. Car. 147. — Willdenow, 
Berl. Bawmz. 81; Spec. ii. pt. ii. 1000 (excl. syn.). — 
Michaux, 7. Bor.-Am. i. 288.— Persoon, Syn. ii. 36. — 
Pursh, #7. Am. Sept. i. 337. — Nuttall, Gen. i. 305. — 
Schrank, Pf. Lab. 26.— Elliott, Sk. i. 553. — Torrey, 
Fl. N. Y. i. 221.— De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 627.— 
Hooker, #7. Bor.-Am. i. 201; Bot. Mag. t. 3432. — Don, 
Gen. Syst. ii. 599. — Bot. Reg. t. 1957. — Torrey & Gray, 
i. N. Am. i. 465. — Bigelow, Fl. Boston. ed. 3, 206. — 
Dietrich, Syn. iii. 160. — Walpers, Rep. ii. 58. — Schniz- 
lein, Icon. t. 270, £. 18-20, 22. — Darlington, 7. Cestr. ed. 
8, 83. — Chapman, F7. 127. — Curtis, Rep. Geolog. Surv. 
NV. Car. 1860, iii. 82. — Kaleniczenko, Bull. Mosc. xlviii. 
pt. ii. 9. — Emerson, Trees Mass. ed. 2, ii. 493, t. — Ridg- 
way, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 66.—Sargent, Forest 
Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 77. — Watson & 
Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 165. 
Mespilus coccinea, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 87.— Casti- 
glioni, Viag. negli Stati Uniti, ii. 293. — Moench, Meth. 
684. — Poiret, Lam. Dict. iv. 442. — Desfontaines, Hist. 
Arb. ii. 156. — Willdenow, Hnuwm. 523; Berl. Bawmz. ed. 
2, 238. — Du Mont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, v. 451. — 
Hayne, Dendr. Fl. 77. — Wendland, Regensb. Flora, 
1823, 699. — Sprengel, Syst. ii. 507. — Spach, Hist. Vég. 
ii. 64. 
Crategus rotundifolia, Moench, Biwme Weiss. 29, t. 1. 
Mespilus rotundifolia, Ehrhart, Beitr. iii. 20. — Wendland, 
Regensb. Flora, 1823, 700. — Koch, Dendr. i. 148. 
Mespilus coccinea, var. viridis, Castiglioni, Viag. negli 
Stati Uniti, ii. 293. 
? Mespilus maxima, Du Mont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 
v. 451. 
? Cratzegus viridis, Elliott, Sk. i. 551 (mot Linneus). — 
Darlington, £7. Cestr. ed. 2, 293. 
Mespilus odorata, Wendland, Regensb. Flora, 1823, 700. 
? Mespilus Wendlandii, Opiz, Regensb. Flora, 1834, 590. 
Mespilus flabellata, Spach, Hist. Vég. ii. 63. — Koch, 
Dendr. i. 148. 
Crateegus coccinea, var. oligandra, Torrey & Gray, Fl. 
NN. Am. i. 465.— Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Cen- 
sus U.S. ix. 78. 
Cratzegus coccinea, var. viridis, Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. 
Am. i. 465. — Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census 
(Oh, SE vee US 
Halmia flabellata, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 136. 
Anthomeles rotundifolia, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 
140. 
Pheenopyrum coccineum, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 156. 
Pheenopyrum Wendlandii, Roemer, Mam. Nat. Syn. iii. 
156. 
Cratzegus glandulosa, var. rotundifolia, Regel, Act. 
Hort. Petrop. i. 120. 
A bushy intricately branched tree, rarely twenty feet in height, with a short trunk sometimes a 
foot in diameter, and stout spreading branches which form a narrow head; or more often a tall or low 
shrub. The bark of the trunk is light brown or ashy gray and is slightly fissured, the surface being 
broken into small persistent plate-like scales. The branchlets, which are at first light green and glabrous 
or pubescent, in their first winter are usually zigzag, bright red and lustrous or sometimes light brown 
or gray, and marked by many small pale lenticels, and in their second year become light brown or ashy 
gray, their bark ultimately separating, like that of the trunk, into persistent scales; they are armed with 
slender straight or slightly curved chestnut-brown or sometimes gray persistent spines an inch to two 
inches in length. The winter-buds are nearly globular, one sixteenth of an inch across, and covered 
with bright chestnut-brown scales, scarious on the margins and rounded on the back; at maturity the 
scales of the inner rows are from half an inch to an inch in length and are lanceolate, ligulate, or 
broadly obovate, glandular-serrate, and usually more or less tinged with red. The leaves are round-ovate, 
acute, wedge-shaped, rounded, truncate, or, on vigorous shoots, often subcordate at the base, acutely 
incised, or slightly five to nine-lobed, and sharply and irregularly serrate except at the base with acute 
glandular teeth ; they are very thin and membranaceous, at first glabrous or puberulous on the upper, and 
pubescent on the lower surface, and glabrous at maturity or sometimes puberulous below, and are borne 
