ROSACEA, 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 99 
CRATAIGUS MOLLIS. 
Scarlet Haw. 
LEAves membranaceous, broadly ovate, usually incisely lobed, pubescent on the 
lower surface. 
Cratzgus mollis, Scheele, Linnea, xxi. 569; Roemer 
Texas, Appx. 473.—Walpers, Ann. ii. 523. 
Mespilus coccinea, Schmidt, Oestr. Bawmz. iv. 30, t. 210 
(not Linnzeus). 
Mespilus pubescens, Wendland, Regensb. Flora, 1823, 
700 (not Humboldt & Bonpland). 
Mespilus coccinea, 8. pubescens, Tausch, Regensb. 
Flora, 1838, pt. ii. 718. 
Crategus tomentosa, Emerson, Trees Mass. 435; ed. 2, 
ii. 494, t. (not Linnzeus). — Provancher, Flore Canadienne, 
212. 
Pheenopyrum subvillosum, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 
154. 
Crateegus subvillosa, Torrey, Pacific R. R. Rep. iv. 86. — 
Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 66. — Sargent, 
Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 78. — Havard, 
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. viii. 512. 
Crategus Texana, Buckley, Proc. Phil. Acad. 1861, 454. 
Cratzegus tomentosa, var. mollis, Gray, Wan. ed. 5, 160. 
Mespilus tilizefolia, Koch, Dendr. i. 151. 
Crateegus coccinea, var. mollis, Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. 
Am. i. 465. — Gray, Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vi. 186 
(Pl. Lindheim. ii.). —Regel, Act. Hort. Petrop. i. 121. — 
Wenzig, Linnea, xxxviii. 132. —Watson & Coulter, Gray’s 
Man. ed. 6, 165. — Coulter, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 
107 (Man. Pl. W. Texas). 
A tree, twenty to thirty feet in height, with a straight trunk twelve to eighteen inches in diameter, 
and spreading often contorted branches which form a compact round head. The bark of the trunk is 
one third of an inch thick, slightly furrowed, and ashy gray to reddish brown, the surface being broken 
into small persistent plate-like scales. The branchlets are coated when young with thick pale tomentum, 
and in their first winter are light orange-brown, lustrous, and marked by pale lenticels, becoming darker 
in their second year and eventually ashy gray; they are stout, zigzag, and armed with thick and straight 
spines which are chestnut-brown and lustrous or finally ashy gray and two or three inches in length. 
The winter-buds are obtuse, one eighth of an inch long, and protected by orbicular chestnut-brown 
lustrous scales ciliate on the margins and rounded on the back; the scales of the inner rows at maturity 
are obovate, rounded or truncate at the apex, glandular-serrate, and from half an inch to an inch in 
length. The leaves are broadly ovate, acute at the apex, cuneate, truncate, or cordate at the base, sharply 
serrate with slender spreading glandular-tipped teeth, and often incisely many-lobed; when they unfold 
they are coated on the lower surface with pale tomentum, and are more or less pubescent on the upper 
surface ; and at maturity they are thin and membranaceous, pubescent or tomentose below, glabrous or 
slightly scabrous above, light green, with broad prominent midribs and primary veins deeply grooved on 
the upper side, three to five inches long, and three to four inches broad, and borne on stout pubescent 
petioles an inch to two inches in length. The stipules are glandular-serrate, deciduous, foliaceous, 
acute, or lunate, and sometimes an inch broad on vigorous shoots. The flowers, which are from an 
inch to an inch and a quarter across when expanded, are produced in broad pubescent or tomentose 
stout-branched corymbs, with large spatulate glandular-serrate deciduous or occasionally persistent 
bracts and bractlets, and appear several days earlier than those of Cratwgus coccinea, when the leaves 
are half grown, which in Texas is in March and in New England from the middle to the end of May. 
The calyx is obconic, coated with tomentum or pubescence, and lined with a bright red or green disk ; 
the lobes are acute, glandular-serrate, and persistent. The ovaries are pubescent or puberulous, and 
are surrounded at the base with tufts of pale hairs. The fruit, which ripens and falls in September or 
early in October, is subglobose or pyriform, with a shallow cavity surrounded by the remnants of the 
