ROSACEA, SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 109 
CRATAiGUS VIRIDIS. 
Haw. 
Leaves ovate to ovate-oblong or oblong-obovate. 
Crategus viridis, Linneus, Spec. 476. — Willdenow, Spec. Chapman, #7. 127.— Wenzig, Linnwa, xxxviii. 203. — 
ii. pt. ii, 1001.— Persoon, Syn. ii. 36.— De Candolle, Engelmann, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix. 4.— Sargent, 
Prodr. ii. 630.— Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 601.— Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 75. — Coulter, 
Garden and Forest, ii. 411. — Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. ii. 107 (Man. Pl. W. Texas). 
Man. ed. 6, 165. Phenopyrum arborescens, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 
Cratzgus arborescens, Elliott, Sh. i. 550.— Torrey & 153. 
Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. 466.— Dietrich, Syn. iii. 160.— Cratzegus Crus-galli, var. pyracanthifolia, Regel, Act. 
Walpers, Rep. ii. 58.— Nuttall, Sylva, ii. 10, t. 45.— Hort. Petrop. i. 109 (in part). 
A tree, twenty to thirty-five feet in height, with a straight often fluted trunk eight to twelve feet 
tall and eighteen to twenty inches in diameter, and slender spreading branches which form a round 
rather compact head. The bark of the trunk is one eighth of an inch thick and is ashy gray to bright 
reddish brown, and divided by shallow reticulated fissures into small irregular plate-like scales. The 
branches are slender, glabrous, in their first winter sometimes ashy gray but usually light red-brown 
and lustrous and marked with minute lenticels, and later pale brown, ashy gray, or nearly white; they 
are unarmed or occasionally are furnished with slender sharp pale spines three quarters of an inch to 
an inch in length. The winter-buds are obtuse, chestnut-brown, one sixteenth of an inch long, and 
covered by ovate minute apiculate scales slightly scarious on the margins; the scales of the inner ranks 
are foliaceous, lanceolate to oblanceolate, and are sometimes half an inch long at maturity and bright 
red towards the apex. The leaves are ovate to ovate-oblong or oblong-obovate, acute or sometimes 
rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped and gradually contracted at the base into long slender petioles, 
sharply serrate except at the base with spreading teeth often tipped with minute glands, and sometimes 
three-lobed towards the summit, especially on vigorous shoots ; they are membranaceous to subcoriaceous, 
dark green and lustrous on the upper, and paler on the lower surface, with tufts of pale hairs in the 
axils of the conspicuous primary veins, one to three inches long and half an inch to an inch and a 
half broad, with wide thick midribs, and are borne on petioles which vary from an inch to an inch and 
a half in length. The stipules are linear, acute, half an inch long, and caducous. The leaves turn 
brilliant scarlet late in the autumn before falling. The flowers, which appear from the end of March 
in Texas to the beginning of May in Missouri when the leaves are almost fully grown, are three quarters 
of an inch across when expanded, and are produced in many-flowered leafy glabrous thin-branched 
corymbs furnished’ with narrow spatulate often glandular-serrate deciduous bracts and bractlets ; the 
calyx is obconic and glabrous or covered with long pale hairs, and its lanceolate entire lobes are subu- 
late at the apex, reflexed after anthesis, persistent, and much shorter than the broadly obovate white 
petals; the styles, which vary from two to five in number, are surrounded at the base by conspicuous 
tufts of pale hairs. The fruit ripens in the autumn and remains on the branches through the winter 
without changing color; it is depressed-globular, bright scarlet or occasionally orange, and one eighth 
of an inch in diameter, with a shallow cavity surrounded by the remnants of the calyx-lobes and fila- 
ments, thin dry flesh, and thin-walled nutlets narrowed and rounded at the two ends, rounded and barely 
grooved or ridged on the back, and minute seeds covered with a thin pale brown coat.! 
1 West of the Mississippi River from St. Louis to central Ar- flowers at the same time, and is not to be distinguished from it in 
kansas a form with larger, rather thicker, more lustrous leaves and _ habit. 
larger fruit is not uncommon. It grows with the ordinary form, 
