114 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. ROSACER. 
bractlets, the thick pedicels, and the narrowly obconic calyx-tubes, are coated with thick pale tomentum 
or are pubescent or puberulous ; the calyx-lobes are lanceolate, acute, conspicuously glandular-serrate, or 
rarely entire and eglandular, pubescent on the outer, and usually glabrous on the inner surface, reflexed 
after anthesis, persistent, and rather shorter than the white petals which are often erose or crenate on 
the margins; the disk is dark red and glandular, and around the base of the styles, which are usually 
four or five in number, are tufts of pale hairs. The fruit is produced sparingly, and ripens and falls in 
the autumn ; it is pyriform or subglobose, half an inch long, and usually greenish yellow or yellow 
tinged with red, with a deep cavity surrounded by the long conspicuous calyx-lobes, thin austere flesh, 
and thick-walled nutlets rounded or obscurely grooved on the back. 
Crategus flava extends from the coast region of southern Virginia southward to the shores of 
Tampa Bay, Florida, and ranges inland to the western slopes of the Alleghany Mountains of North 
Carolina and along the Gulf coast through southern Alabama and Mississippi. It usually grows in dry 
sandy soil on the borders of the Pine forests, or occasionally in lower situations near streams subject to 
overflow, and although generally distributed is nowhere very common, usually appearing singly or in 
groups of two or three individuals. 
The wood of Orategus flava is heavy, hard, and close-grained, with a satiny surface susceptible of 
receiving a good polish; it is light brown tinged with red or rose-color, with thick lighter colored 
sapwood, and contains numerous very obscure medullary rays. The specific gravity of the absolutely 
dry wood is 0.7809, a cubic foot weighing 48.67 pounds. 
A variety of Crategus flava’ may be distinguished by its thicker broader leaves; these are usually 
rounded at the apex, more uniformly lobed and coated with pubescence while young, and at maturity 
are thicker and more lustrous on the upper surface; by its usually smaller flowers, and by its larger 
subglobose bright red or yellow fruit with thicker and sweeter flesh. 
This variety, Cratwqus flava, var. elliptica, is generally a shrub with spreading branches, or rarely 
a small tree, and often forms thickets in abandoned fields in the middle districts of the Carolinas and 
Georgia, where it is most common, although it may be found throughout the region inhabited by 
Crategus flava, the two forms gradually passing one into the other. 
The wood of Crategus flava, var. elliptica, is rather lighter than that of the species, although not 
otherwise distinguishable, the specific gravity of the absolutely dry wood being 0.7683, and a cubic 
foot weighing 47.88 pounds. 
The fruit of the Summer Haw, as this variety is called in South Carolina and Georgia, is gathered 
in large quantities in those states and made into a jelly which can hardly be distinguished from that 
made from the West Indian Guava-tree. 
Crategus flava, according to Aiton,’ was introduced into English gardens by Philip Miller in 
1758, and the earliest descriptions of it were drawn up from cultivated plants.® 
1 Crategus flava, var. elliptica. 
? Mespilus hyemalis, Walter, Fl. Car.148.— Poiret, Lam. Dict. 
iv. 447. 
Crategus viridis ?, Walter, Fl. Car. 147 (not Linnzeus). 
Crateegus elliptica, Aiton, Hort. Kew. ii. 168. — Willdenow, Spec. 
ii. pt. ii, 1002. — Persoon, Syn. ii. 37. — Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. 
337. — Nuttall, Gen. i. 305.— De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 627. — 
Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 201 (in part).— Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 
598. — Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. 469.— Dietrich, Syn. iii. 
159. — Regel, Act. Hort. Petrop. i. 122. 
Mespilus elliptica, Poiret, Lam. Dict. iv. 447.— Wenzig, Lin- 
need, xxxvili. 125. — Koch, Dendr. i. 140. 
Crategus glandulosa, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 288 (not Aiton 
nor Willdenow). — Nuttall, Gen. i. 105. —Curtis, Rep. Geolog. 
Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 84.— Chapman, F?. 
Crategus Michauzii, Persoon, Syn. ii. 38. 
Crategus spathulata, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. 336 (not Mi- 
chaux).— De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 627.— Bot. Reg. t. 1890. — 
Lindley, Bot. Reg. under t. 1957. 
Mespilus Michauaii, Hornemann, Hort. Hafn. 455.— Poiret, 
Lam. Dict. Suppl. iv. 69. 
Crategus flava, Elliott, Sk. i. 551 (not Aiton). 
Crategus Virginica, Loudon, Arb. Brit. ii. 842, £. 560, 615.— 
Kaleniczenko, Bull. Mosc. xlviii. pt. ii. 58. 
Crategus flava, var. pubescens, Gray, Man. ed. 5, 160. —Sar- 
gent, Forest Trees N. Am.10th Census U. S. ix. 83. — Watson & 
Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 166. 
Pheenopyrum Virginicum, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 155. 
Phenopyrum ellipticum, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 155. 
2 Hort. Kew. ii. 169. 
8 Mespilus Caroliniana apii folio, vulgari similis, major, fructu 
luteo, Trew, Pl. Select. 3, t. 17. 
