ROSACEA. 
SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 
131 
AMELANCHIER ALNIFOLIA. 
Service Berry. 
Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular, obtuse or rarely acute. 
Amelanchier alnifolia, Nuttall, Jour. Phil. Acad. vii. 
22.— Roemer, Ham. Nat. Syn. iii. 147. — Cooper, Am. 
Nat. iii. 407. — Wenzig, Linnea, xxxviii. 113. — De- 
eaisne, Nouv. Arch. Mus. x. 135. — Brewer & Watson, 
Bot. Cal. i. 190. — Watson & Coulter, Gray’s Man. ed. 
6, 167. — Greene, FU. Francis. i. 52. 
Pyrus sanguinea, Pursh, #7. Am. Sept. i. 340 (in part). 
Aronia alnifolia, Nuttall, Gen. i. 306. 
Pyrus alnifolia, Sprengel, Syst. ii. 509. 
Amelanchier ovalis, var. semiintegrifolia, Hooker, 7. 
Bor.-Am. i. 202. — Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 604, 
Amelanchier florida, Lindley, Bot. Reg. t. 1589. — Spach, 
Hist. Vég. ii. 86.— Walpers, Rep. ii. 55. — Loudon, Ard. 
Brit. ii. 876, f. 633, 634. — Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 
144. — Deeaisne, Nouv. Arch. Mus. x. 135. 
Amelanchier Canadensis, var. alnifolia, Torrey & Gray, 
il. N. Am. i. 473. — Walpers, Rep. ii. 55. — Dietrich, 
Mex. Bound. Surv. 64; Bot. Wilkes Hxplor. Haped. 
291. — Hooker, Lond. Jour. Bot. vi. 220.— Gray, Man. 
130. — Newberry, Pacific R. R. Rep. vi. 73. — Cooper, 
Pacific R. R. Rep. xii. pt. ii. 30.— Watson, King’s Rep, 
Ws O25 
Amelanchier Canadensis, var. pumila, Torrey & Gray, 
il. N. Am. i. 474.— Walpers, Rep. ii. 55. — Dietrich, 
Syn. iii. 158. 
Amelanchier pumila, Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. iii. 145. 
Amelanchier Canadensis, var. oblongifolia, Bentham, 
Pl. Hartweg. 309 (not Torrey & Gray). 
Amelanchier diversifolia, var. alnifolia, Torrey, Fré- 
mont’s Rep. 89. 
Amelanchier Canadensis, Anderson, Cat. Pl. Nev. 120 
(not Medicus). 
? Amelanchier glabra, Greene, WU. Francis. i. 52. 
? Amelanchier pallida, Greene, Fl. Francis. i. 53. 
Syn. iii. 158. — Torrey, Pacific R. R. Rep. iv. 85; Bot. 
A tree, occasionally forty feet in height, with a single straight trunk six to ten inches in diameter, 
or more often with a cluster of slender stems rising from the ground; or usually a shrub only a foot or 
The bark of the trunk is an eighth of an inch thick, smooth or slightly fissured, and 
light brown somewhat tinged with red. The branches are green at first and glabrous, pilose with long 
two in height. 
pale hairs or coated with pubescence, and in their first winter are stout, bright red or plum-color, gla- 
brous or rarely puberulous, and more or less marked by small pale lenticels. The winter-buds are acute, 
a quarter of an inch long, and covered with chestnut-brown glabrous or occasionally pilose scales ; the 
scales of the inner ranks at maturity are ovate, acute, brightly colored, covered with pale silky hairs, and 
from a half to three quarters of an inch in length. The leaves are broadly ovate to orbicular or occa- 
sionally oblong-ovate, rounded or rarely acute at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, and 
sharply and coarsely serrate above the middle, with incurved rigid teeth; when they unfold they are 
coated on the lower surface with thick pale tomentum, and are often pilose on the upper surface; but 
they soon become glabrous, and at maturity are membranaceous to subcoriaceous, dark green above and 
pale or sometimes rufous below, or, when the plants grow in the dry climate of the interior, gray-green 
on both surfaces and often puberulous below ; they are an inch to an inch and a half in length and in 
breadth, with slender midribs and veins, and are borne on slender petioles half an inch long. The 
stipules are linear, acute, red-brown, sometimes an inch in length, and caducous. The flowers, which 
appear from April on the shores of Puget Sound to the middle of June on the high mountains of 
Montana, are produced in erect glabrous or pubescent racemes an inch to an inch and a half in length 
on short pedicels furnished near the middle with linear acute colored bractlets which in falling leave 
conspicuous scars. The calyx is cup-shaped and glabrous, pilose or pubescent on the outer surface, 
with linear acute lobes glabrous or coated with pubescence on the inner surface. The petals are nar- 
rowly oblong to obovate, rounded or acute at the apex, and from a quarter of an inch to an inch in 
length. The ovaries are pubescent or puberulous. The fruit ripens from June to September, and is 
sweet and juicy; it is subglobose, dark blue or almost black, with a glaucous bloom, and from half an 
