46 PITTONIA. 
typical has a fruit consisting of four distinct nutlets, while 
the Lantana-Lippia assemblage all have tneir carpels con- 
solidated. Lantana itself is characterized essentially by a 
drupaceous fruit, and Lippia, as to its type-species, is so 
much like Lantana in habit, inflorescence, and general as- 
pect, that only the absence of fleshiness to the pericarp sepa- 
rates it from that genus. Both Lantana and Lippia are 
coarse rough-leaved shrubs. Phyla on the other hand is a 
small genus of more or less creeping perennial herbs of alto- 
gether peculiar habit and aspect; and they have a pubes- 
cence most characteristic, consisting of sessile forked hairs. 
This kind of pubescence occurs in several genera of the Cru- 
ciferee; but in the Verbenacee it does not occur except in 
Phyla. In those extremely Lantana-like shrubs constituting 
typical Lippia the calyx is oblong-campanulate simply, with 
being compressed or flattened. In Phyla this organ is flat 
by compression, its two lobes being conduplicate. Hardly 
even Verbena itself is more definitely limited than is Phyla, 
both by habit and character. 
The earliest botanist to propose the separation of this type 
from Verbena appears to have been Geertner in 1788; but 
he merely appends the type-species to his genus Blairia ; 
so that it can not be received as the type of that genus. 
But Lamarck three years later seems to receive Verbena 
nodiflora as the type-species of his genus Zapania; and it 
has been under this name that the various supporters of the 
genus have ranged the species; but Loureiro's Phyla is also 
based on V. nodiflora, and enjoys a year's priority over 
Zapania. 
I can not attempt a full enumeration of the species; but 
all the following are known to me either by field acquaint- 
auce or in herbarium specimens, or both. 
P. nopirtora. Verbena nodiflora, ©. Bauh. Prodr. 125. 
Icon. (1620); J. Bauh. Hist. iii. 444. Icon. (1651); Moris. 
Hist. iii. sect. 11, t. 25, fig. 8 (1699); Barrelier, Icon. Rar. 
