A FASCICLE OF SENECIOS. 115 
saffron-colored ; in others all the corollas, both of disk and 
ray, were thus colored, while in some there were no rays 
present, and the disk was red. In view of the fact that 
S. aureus, as Gray in 1863 regarded it, was an aggregate of 
some dozen or two of species, as Mr. Rydberg and I under- 
stand them, what reason or sense can there be in one's pre- 
tending—as Mr. Rydberg most certainly does pretend—to 
make Dr. Gray's S. aureus, var. croceus, the equivalent of 
some one particular species? If Gray had indicated some 
one particular form of his numerous red-rayed ones as 
the type of his variety, and had then given it something 
of a description, the case would have been very different. 
But let us assumethat Hall & Harbour's n. 332 may possibly 
stand as ty pifying true S. aureus croceus. What then? Well; 
first of all, the mentioning of a type specimen which has 
never been described does not constitute publication. A 
name printed with only that kind of a clew to the form is but 
a nomen nudum. Secondly; Gray in the place cited admits 
that just this n. 332 of said distribution, including Parry's 
earlier n. 408, is made up of a diversity of things, all at 
agreementin that some orall the corollas, though confessedly 
varying much in shade, are of some color more red than 
yellow. Thirdly; the only sheet of Hall & Harbour's n. 332 
existing in Washington, though containing five or six speci- 
mens in excellent condition, exhibits not one with rays of 
a deeper color than light-orange. Yet, the same thing, 
specifically, which Hall & Harbour's n. 332 1n the U.S. 
Herbarium represents, has been seen by me 2gain and again 
with corollas as dark as what Gray calls * copper-colored ; " 
and I know it well, from certain localities, with rays not 
only pure yellow but even ratherlight yellow. All through 
the Rocky Mountains, and westward to the Sierra Nevada, 
Occur a very considerable number of allies of S. aureus, in 
every one of which the corollas vary from yellow to deep- 
orange or saffron-color. What, then, is S. crocatus, Rydb.? 
It waits fora description by which a botanist can identify 
