OBSERVATIONS ON THE COMPOSITE. 59 



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groups included in that medley, the Aplojmppus of A. Gray. 

 There are a few Solidagos that make some approach to them 

 in coriaceousness of texture, but none that have any such 

 cottony pubescence as seems to prevail extensively in at 

 least the Homopappus section of Pyrrocoma. The two sec- 

 tions have much the same relation to one another which the 

 ashy-pubescent Golden Eods, S. nemoralis, Californica and 

 nana have to the vivid-green and glabrous species of that 

 genus; though it must be admitted that such extremes of 

 diflFerence in the involucral bracts as appear in Pyrrocoma 

 are not met with in Solidago. In enumerating the species, I 

 present them under the two groups. 



Pyrrocoma proper (Hook. Fl. i. 306, t. 107. 1833). Herb- 

 age cinereous-pubescent; brads of involucre foliaceous. 



1. P. CARTHAMOIDES, Hook. 1. c. (1833). Aplopappus 

 carthamoides Gray, Proc. Philad. Acad. 65 (1863). Aster 

 carthamoides, 0. Ktze. Eev. Gen. 317 (1891). Heads 



terminal, large, broadly hemispherical.— Oregon and Wash- 

 ington to Idaho. 



2. P. Cusickii. Aplopappus carthamoides, var. CusicJcii, 

 Gray, Syn. Fl. 126 (1884). Heads smaller, terminal and 

 subtermiual, somewhat turbinate.— Union Co., Oregon. 



3. P. RADIATA, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vii. 333 (1840). 

 Aplopappus carthamoides, var. maximus, Gray, 1. c., in part. 

 Plant quite glabrous; leaves reticulated and with shining 

 surface.— Plains of the Columbia Eiver. An excellent 

 species well characterized by Nuttall, but its characters over- 

 looked by Gray. 



Subgenus Homopappus (Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 

 330, as a genus). Herbage glabrous, or cottony-pubescent 

 or glandular; bracts of involucre, not leafy. 



* Plants with leaves chiefly radical. 

 Brads of involucre broad and squarrose. 



4. P. paniculata, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 244 (1842). 

 Homopappus paniculatus, Nutt Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vu. 



