THE RIPARIAN BOTANY OF THE LOWER SACRAMENTO. 245 
Bidens levis (L.), B. 8. P. Always within reach of tide- 
Ambrosia psilostachya, DC. Often four feet high, 
Artemisia vulgaris, L., var. Californica, Bess. Ten to 
twelve feet in height. 
Apocynum cannabinum, DC. Haas Slough. 
Heliotropium Curassivicum, L. Andrus Island. 
Solanum Douglasii, Dunal. 
Stachys albens, Gray. 
Stachys ajugoides, Benth. 
Pogogyne Douglasii, DC. Near Haas Slough. 
Lycopus sinuatus, Ell. Tyler Island, near Miller’s Ferry. 
Verbena hastata, L. Wilkes expedition, 1841; Grand 
Island, by the writer, 1891. 
Lippia cuneifolia, Steud. Growing on the outer face of the 
levee banks, matting the ground thoroughly and rooting very 
freely near the surface. Better adapted for protection to the 
banks against the action of the waters than Medicago sativa, 
which is frequently used for that purpose. 
Lippia lanceolata, Michx. Abundantly stoloniferous— 
the roots not lignescent. On the river bottoms. 
Urtica holoserica, Nutt. 
Sagittaria variabilis, Engelm. 
Alisma Plantago aquatica, L. 
Cyperus diandrus, var. castaneus, Torr. 
Cyperus erythrorhizos, Muhl, 
Cyperus stenolepis, Torr. | 
The indigenous herbaceous species are not numerous, yet 
the list, although incomplete, is suggestive as it stands, and 
indicates a relationship with the riparian flora of the Lower 
Mississippi and its tributaries. The plants that first come to 
mind as noteworthy in this respect are Isnardia palus- 
tris, Pluchea camphorata, Eclipta alba, Lippia lanceolata, 
Cyperus diandrus, var. castaneus, C. erythrorhizos, and C. 
stenolepis. Fully fifty per cent. of the species in the entire 
list are common, although not peculiar, to this region and to 
that of the Middle and Lower Mississippi. 
